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Nasal Cavity warms and filters air epiglottis prevents food from entering air passages pharynx permits passage of air and food larynx produces speech trachea covered with cilia to filter air bronchi convey air to lungs bronchioles small tubes leading to the aveoli alveoli exchange gas between lungs and blood hemoglobin pigment of blood can carrry up to 4 oxygen molecules , oxyhemoglobin hemoglobin, a respiratory pigment, combines with oxygen to form this Bohr Shift when the pH drops, hemoglobin drops off its oxygen Circulatory system transport substances- O2 and food, regulation- moves hormones to regulate homeostasis, protection-blood clotting and the immune system plasma liquid, contains clotting factors, hormones, antibodies, nutrients, wastes red blood cells (erythrocytes) carry hemoglobin and oxygen; no nucleus; live 120 days white blood cells (leukocytes) fight infection; formed in bone marrow; 5 types platelets (thrombocytes) cell fragments that clot blood arteries carry blood away from the heart under enormous pressure veins carry blood back to the heart capillaries allow diffusion of nutrients and wastes between cells lymph fluid that leaks form tissues to blood to lymph nodes-germs and such are removed atria receive blood from body cells ventricles pump blood out of the heart SA NODE pacemaker of the heart; starts heartbeat. No new beat until muscle relaxes systolic number measure of the pressure when blood is sent out of the heart diastolic number measure of pressure when heart relaxes coronary circulation from the heart renal circulation from the kidney hepatic circulation from the liver acetylcholine hormone that speeds up the heartbeat noreptinephrine hormone that slows up the heartbeat (in epipens)