| Term | Definition |
| antonym | a word with the opposite meaning of another word |
| compare | to tell how two or more things are similar |
| compound word | a word made up of two or more words |
| context clue | words in the same sentence and in sentences that surround a word that help to unlock its meaning |
| contrast | to explain how two or more things are different |
| homograph | two words spelled the same way but differ in meaning (e.g. fair) |
| homophone | two words are pronounced the same way but differ in meaning or spelling or both (e.g. bare and bear) |
| hyperbole | exaggeration for effect |
| idiom | An expression that cannot be understood if taken literally (ex- "Get your head out of the clouds"). |
| metaphor | comparison not using like or as |
| personification | giving human qualities to nonhuman things |
| prefix | a word part the come before the base word or root word, changing its meaning |
| simile | a comparison between two unlike things using the words like or as |
| suffix | a word part that comes after the base word |
| synonym | a word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word |