Historical Contributions in Microbiology exam #1
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Created by:
makaelabrewer1 on March 28, 2012
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Hippocrates | Who is the father of medicine? |
| Dark Middle Ages and Black Death plague (Gram -) | When and what knocked out 1/3 of Europes population? |
| Jansen | Who invented the first compound light microscope? |
| Hooke | Who discovered the cell using dead cork cells? |
| Leeuwenhoek | Who is the father of the microscope? He made detailed observations and written records of "animalcules" |
| scientific method | What method was used in the 1800s to make more detailed observations that diminished suspicions? |
| Jenner | Who discovered the first smallpox vaccine? |
| Biogenesis - life comes from life | After suspicions were diminished, spontaneous generation was replaced with....? |
| Louis Pasteur | Who is the father of modern medicine? |
| pasteurization and germ theory of fermentation initiated germ theory of disease but no proof | What did Pasteur develop? |
| anthrax, rabies, and chicken cholera (1st attenuated vaccine) | What vaccines did Pasteur develop? |
| Pasteurella multocida Gram - | What organism causes chicken cholera and is it gram + or -? |
| Robert Koch | Who is the father of diagnostic microbiology? |
| Koch's postulates (pure culture) - blood of infected dead cow>colonized>injected healthy mouse with colonies>mouse died>extracted and observed it was same as cows. Bacillus anthracis G+ | What did Koch develop that proved the germ theory of disease and disproved vital forces? |
| 1. Hesse- agar (pure) 2. Petri- petri dish 3. Gram- gram staining | 3 people who helped Koch with his discovery and what they contributed? |
| tuberculosis | Koch also identified the causative agent of what disease? |
| Semmelweis | Who initiated use of 1st antiseptics to reduce handborne disease? (ex. childbed fever) |
| Lister - laid foundations for antiseptic technique | Who published first work on antiseptic surgery? |
| Metchnikoff | Who discovered phagocytic cells and laid foundation for immunology? |
| Hemophilus influenzae | What organism may cause meningitis, ear infection, or pneumonia? |
| Malaria and female Anopheles mosquitoes. Quinine | Plasmodium is associated with what type of disease and arthropod? Treatment? |
| Ehrlich | Who is the pioeer of modern chemotherapy? |
| salvarsan (arsenic drug) to treat syphilis | What did Ehrlich develop and to treat what disease? |
| Dogmagk. Streptococcus | Who discovered the first sulfa drug? What organism is it effective against? |
| Florey and Chain | Who developed methods to produce and purify penicillin and tested in clinical studies? |
| Fleming, Florey and Chain | What three people received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1945? |
| Waksman | Who invented the antibiotic streptomycin, which is effective against G- organisms? |
| Issacs and Lindermann | Who discovered the antiviral substance, interferon? |
| David Ho | Who developed the HIV cocktail? |
| Burrill; fire blight of pear- Erwinia amylovara | Who discovered 1st bacterial plant disease? What is it and its causative agent? |
| Ivanoski and Beijerinck; TMV (tobacco mosaic) | Who was first to isolate plant virus and what was it? |
| 1. bacteria (bacteriophages) 2. animal (yellow fever/hepatitis) 3. plant (TMV) | What are the 3 classes of viruses and examples of each? |
| DeBary; Blight of Potato; Phytophthora infestans | Who discovered the first fungal disease of plants? |
| Reed; female Aedes mosquito (viral) | Who discovered that yellow fever was transmitted by mosquitoes? what type? |
| protozoan; Tse Tse fly | What type of microbe causes African Sleeping Sickness? What vector carries it? |
| protozoan; mosquito | What type of microbe causes Marlaria? What vector carries it? |
| protozoan; tick | What type of microbe causes Texas fever in cattle? Vector? |
| bacteria; rat flea; rat | What type of microbe causes bubonic plague? vector and reservoir? |
| spirochete (bacteria); tick; deer/rodents | What type of microbe causes Lyme disease? Vector and reservoir? |
| Kluvyer | Who introduced that there is biochemical unity among all cells? |
| Avery, Macleod, and McCarty | Who showed that DNA is genetic material? |
| Watson and Crick | Who determined the structure of DNA? |
| Salk; Sabin | Who made first polio vaccine? (IPV); Who made OPV ? |
| Montagnier and Gallo | Isolated and characterized HIV |
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