computer lit. ch4 vocab. prt 2
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49 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 memory module | a small circuit board w/ ram chips on both sides |
| SIMM (single inline memory module) | a single set of contacts to mother board |
| DIMM (dual inline memory module) | two sets of contacts to motherboard |
| memory Cache | high-speed memory holds what you access most often |
| advanced transfer cache (atc) | a type of l2 cache built directly on the processor chip |
| L1 cache | built directly on the processor chip (fastest cache |
| L2 cache | slightly slower than L1, but has a much larger capacity |
| L3 cache | on the motherboard separate from ram |
| ROM (read-only memory) | Chips on motherboard hold startup instructions 1) nonvolatile 2) CPU con only read ROM 3) cannot be changed |
| firmware | contains permanently written data, instructions, or information |
| nonvolatile | permanent |
| ROM bios | list of start up instructions on the ROM Chip |
| Prom chip | Blank rom chip that con be written to permanently |
| flash memory | mini-storage media |
| Cmos | Battery operated chip holds date time & other when computer is turned off |
| access time | the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory |
| nanosecond | one billionth of a second |
| expansion slot | a socket on the mother board that can hold an adapter card |
| adapter (expansion) card | a circuit board that holds electronics and connections to peripherals |
| peripheral | hardware connected to a computer to make it easier to use or to increase its capability |
| sound card | allows sound to be put through a microphone & output through speakers |
| video card | converts computer output into a signal that is sent to the monitor |
| plug and play | allows the computer to automatically configure adapter cards and other peripherals as you install them |
| memory card | a small removable flash memory device on portable devices |
| USB flash drive | flash memory that plugs in a usb port |
| express card module | a credit card size device that adds capability to a laptop |
| port | the socket into which a peripheral connects or communicates with a system unit |
| connector | joins a cable to a port |
| USB port | can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector |
| fire wire port | higher speed port that connects up to 63 peripherals |
| bluetooth port | technology that uses radio waves to transmit data |
| SCSI port | high speed perallel port |
| IRDA port | a wireless port that transmits infared light waves |
| Serial Port | Slow-Speed port transmits one bit of data at a time |
| MIDI port | connects system unit to a musical instruments |
| synthesizer | a device that creates sound digitally |
| port replicator | an external device that provides connection to peripherals through ports built into the device |
| bus | an electrical pathway that allows parts of the system unit to communicate with each other (carries bits across) |
| bus width | the amount bits that the computer can transmit at one time |
| word size | the # of bits the processor can interparate & execute at one given time |
| system bus | connects cpu & memory |
| expansion bus | allows the cpu to communicate with peripherals |
| bay | an opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional equipment |
| power supply | the component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet ac power into dc power |
| fetching, decoding, executing, storing | steps of the machine cycle |
| fetching | getting the instruction |
| decoding | translating the instruction |
| executing | folowing the instruction |
| storing | putting the result in memory |
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