Chapter 9 Water Resources: Supply, Distribution & Use
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Aquifers | Underground rock layers that store large amounts of water |
| Unconfined Aquifers | An aquifer made of porous rock covered by soil, which water can easily flow into and out of. |
| Confined Aquifers | An aquifer surrounded by a layer of impermeable rock or clay that impedes water flow. |
| Water Table | underground surface below which the ground is wholly saturated with water |
| Groundwater Recharge | A process by which water percolates through the soil and works its way into an aquifer. |
| Springs | A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer percolates up to the ground surface. |
| Artesian Wells | wells in which water flows naturally to the surface |
| Cone Of Depression | An area from which the groundwater has been rapidly withdrawn. |
| Saltwater Intrusion | Movement of salt water into freshwater aquifers in coastal and inland areas as groundwater is withdrawn faster than it is recharged by precipitation. |
| Floodplain | The area subject to flooding during a given number of years according to historical trends. |
| Oligotrophic Lakes | Lakes that have a small supply of plant nutrients are called oligotrophic (poorly nourished) lakes. Often, this type of lake is deep and has steep banks. |
| Mesotrophic Lakes | Lakes that fall somewhere between the two extremes of nutrient enrichment. |
| Eutrophic Lakes | Lakes that are characterized by plentiful organic matter and high productivity |
| Impermeable Surfaces | Pavement or buildings that do not allow water penetration. |
| Levee | a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea |
| Dikes | an embankment of earth and rock built to prevent floods |
| Dam | a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea |
| Reservoir | tank used for collecting and storing a liquid (as water or oil) |
| Aqueducts | Bridge-like stone structures that carry water from the hills into Roman cities |
| Desalination | a process of removing salt from ocean water |
| Irrigation | a way of supplying water to an area of land |
| Hydroponic Agriculture | cultivation of crop plants under greenhouse conditions with their roots immersed in nutrient rich solution |
| Industry | The organized action of making of goods and services for sale |
| Households | The consuming units in an economy |
| Water Ownership | people can have rights to water use, but they do not own the water. |
| Water Conservation | careful use and protection of water resources |
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