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approximate time the final rhyming sounds are close but not the same assonance the reppition of vowel sounds in a group of words ballad a narrative poem that depends on regular verse patterns and strong rhymes for its effort blank verse Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter -- that is, with each line usually containing five iambs, which consist of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable connotation The suggested meanings of a word or phrase; the meanings and feelings that have become associated with the word, in addition to its explicit meaning. dead metaphor A metaphor which has become so commonplace that it has lost its force, and we forget that it is not literally true. denotation he explicit meaning of a word, as listed in a dictionary. diction A writer's choice of words. dramatic monologue a type of dramatic poem in which only one cahracter speaks dramatic poem a poem in which one or more characters speak elegy A lyric poem which expresses mourning, usually over the death of an individual. end rhyme places the rhyme sounds at the end of the line of verse. epic A long narrative poem that usually centers on a single important character who embodies the values of a particular society. eye rhyme words that look like they should rhyme but do not folk ballad a ballad that originates as an anonymous song and is passed on orally before being written down (typically, the author is unknown). free verse Poetry that does not have a fixed line length, stanza form, rhyme scheme, or meter. hyperbole A figure of speech that uses exaggeration or overstatement for effect. implied metaphor a metaphor that does not directly tell us that one thing is another different thing. internal rhyme repeats sounds within the lines of verse. inversion The reversal of the usual order of words in a sentence. literal language Language that states facts or ideas directly. literary ballad a ballad composed by a known writer. meter The regular pattern of rhythm -- that is, of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of verse. metrical foot usually consists of one stressed syllable and one or more unstressed syllables motif the main idea or most distinctive quality of a work of art octave A grouping of eight lines of verse, as in the first eight lines of a Petrarchan (or Italian) sonnet. onomatopeia The use of a word whose sound imitates or reinforces its meaning. paradox A statement that appears to be contradictory yet contains some element of truth. petrarchan sonnet A lyric poem of fourteen lines, written in iambic pentameter, with an octave (first eight lines) that establishes a position or problem, and a sestet (last six lines) that resolves it. poetic inversion inversion used in a poem poetry Traditionally, poetry is language arranged in lines with a regular rhythm and often with a definite rhyme scheme. Experimental poetry often does away with regular patterns of meter and rhyme, but it usually is set up in lines. quatrain A group of four lines of verse which are unified in thought and sometimes in rhym refrain One or more words, phrases, or lines that are repeated regularly in a poem, usually at the end of each stanza. rhyme The repetition of accented vowel sounds and all succeeding sounds in words that appear close together in verse. rhyme scheme The pattern of rhymes in a stanza or poem. rhythm In language, the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables. scanning determinig the metrical pattern of a line sestet The final six lines of a Petrarchan (or Italian) sonnet. shakesperaren sonnet A lyric poem of fourteen lines written in iambic pentameter, with three quatrains and a concluding couplet. sonnet A lyric poem having fourteen rhymed lines, usually written in iambic pentameter speaker The voice in a poem stanza A group of related lines that forms a division of a poem or a song. villanelle intiricate 19 lined poem of french origin