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Lewis Downing Who is the Cherokee Chief in 1867? Creeks This tribe wrote a new constitution, elected a new chief, chose a council, established courts, districts, etc after the reconstruction treaties of 1866. Seminoles ________were not able to peaceably live together until 1877. Hard feelings and long-lasting grudges plagued the tribe. Choctaws and Chickasaws ______had an easier time putting the pieces back together due to their united stand with the South and the least amount of fight was on their lands. 1877 What year did the Seminoles finally peaceably live together? Creeks who did the Seminoles buy land from in 1881 according to Civil War and Religious loyalties How did the Seminole divide? Union, Presbyterian One group of the Seminoles was led by John Chupco, he has remained loyal to ______ Civil War group and was _____religious group. John Jumper What Seminole leader supported the Confederacy and was mainly Baptist? towns, principal chief or governor With no written constitution, the Seminoles organized their government around a national council of delegations from the 14 _______ and the ________ . Seminoles Which tribe had two governments? John F. Brown In 1877, what Seminole governor unified the Seminole groups? Osages The ______ were removed to the eastern part of the Cherokee Outlet with the Arkansas River as their western boundary. Nebraska West of the Arkansas River in the Cherokee Outlet: the Pawnees, Otoes Missouris, and Poncas came from what state? The Cheyennes, Arapahoes, Apaches, Comanches and Kiowas. What tribes were summoned by the federal government to meet in Kansas on Medicine Lodge Creek in 1867 where they would forcibly sign treaties to be removed onto reservations in western Oklahoma? red people What does oklahoma mean? 1855 What year did the Chickasaw's separate from the Choctaws? They found the minority status too restrictive. Why did the Chickasaw's separate from the Choctaws? Tishomingo in Johnston County Where was the capital of the Chickasaw's? Cyrus Harris Who was elected the first governor of the Chickasaw's? John Ross Who led the Eastern Cherokees (newcomers)? John Jolly Who led the Western Cherokees(originals)? All signers of the Treaty of New Echota were brutally killed by the Eastern Cherokees without John Ross' knowledge causing a blood feud. What happened when the Eastern and Western Cherokees could not come to an agreement on a constitution? June 22, 1839 On what date did the Easter Cherokees kill the signers of the Treaty of New Echota? 7 years How long did the blood feud last? 1839 In what year did the Cherokees finally become a "one body politic"? Tahlequah Where was the tribal capital of the Cherokees? 1840 When did the Cherokees finally ratify their constitution and assign a capital? Treaty party or Lower Creeks and the Upper Creeks Which two groups made up the Creek Nation? Creek The Seminoles were scheduled to become part of the _____ nation. They were afraid that they Creeks would rob them of their slaves and their identity as people. Why did the Seminoles object to the plan of being part of the Creeks? 1856 Creeks agreed to Seminole independence in a treaty signed in ____. farming What type of work do traditionalist do? Robert M. Jones _________ of the Choctaws was one of the more successful cotton growers, who maintained six large Red River plantations, owned more than 300 slaves, and operated his own steamboats. Creeks and Seminoles In which tribes were slaves given greater freedom? traditionalist rekindling sacred fires and retaining their faith in the power of medicine are examples of how religion was practiced by who? wives, teachers, farm managers What role did women play in the missionary societies? preach the gospel The greatest contribution of the missionaries was in the area of _____________. to teach the students to read and write in English The major emphasis in the curriculum of the day schools was ____________. boarding school In _________ the students received instructions in arithmetic, history, Latin, Greek, philosophy, biology, astronomy, and the Bible. vocational training Besides typical subjects, what else was taught at the boarding schools? white In short, the curriculum of the boarding schools was designed to educate the head, hands, and heart of each Indian after the fashion of ______ Americans. separate church and state How did the Cherokees keep their schools from control by the missionaries? The amount of speed and acculturation was remarkable. The accomplishments of the Five Tribes during those years were many, but they often had little to do with the experiences of the majority of tribespeople. Why did historians call the period before the American Civil War the golden years of the Five Tribes? Modern studies have shown that the total population of the Southeastern Indians decreased by more than a third between the time of removal and the Civil War. Since popluations decrease only when they are under great stress, the "golden years" apparently were golden for only a few. Why do historians think that the pre-Civil War period was golden for only a small percentage of tribal members?