Anatomy review1
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fnewton956 on April 1, 2012
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review1
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158 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Anatomy | Human body structure |
| Biology | Study of all living things |
| Botany | Study of plant life |
| Embryology | Human anatomy before birth |
| Gross Anatomy-Macroscopic Anatomy | Anatomy with naked eye |
| Histology-Microscopic Anatomy | Anatomy with microscope |
| Morbid Anatomy-Pathological Anatomy | Anatomy affected by disease |
| Physiology | Human body function |
| Regional Anatomy | Anatomy one area of the body at a time |
| Surface Anatomy-Topographical Anatomy | Anatomy from the outside |
| Systemic Anatomy | Anatomy one system at a time |
| Zoology | Study of animal life |
| MOVEMENT | -Ability to change position |
| RESPONSIVENESS | -Reaction to changes |
| GROWTH | -Increase in size |
| REPRODUCTION | -Production of new organisms |
| RESPIRATION | -Breathing |
| DIGESTION | -Breakdown of foods into simpler forms |
| ABSORPTION | -Passage of digested foods into simpler forms |
| CIRCULATION | -Movement of body fluids from place to place |
| EXCRETION | -Removal of wastes from the body (ex: sweat, vomit, urine, feces) |
| ASSIMILATION | -Changing of absorbed substances into other forms |
| CHEMICAL LEVEL | -Atoms, Molecules, Protoplasm |
| CELL | -Basic unit of structure and function in the human body |
| TISSUE | -A group of similar cells arranged for the performance of a particular function |
| ORGAN | -A group of different tissues arranged for the performance of a particular function |
| SYSTEM | -A group of different organs arranged for the performance of a particular function |
| ORGANISM | -A group of different systems arranged to make-up the complete body |
| CIRCULATORY SYSTEM | -The heart, vessels, blood & lymph including LYMPHATIC SYSTEM |
| DIGESTIVE SYSTEM | -The alimentary canal |
| ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | -The ductless glands |
| EXCRETORY SYSTEM | -The kidneys, bladder, and ducts (also the urinary system) |
| INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM | -The skin |
| MUSCULAR SYSTEM | -The muscles |
| NERVOUS SYSTEM | -The brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
| REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | -The sex glands and structures |
| RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | -The lungs, nose, breathing |
| SKELETAL SYSTEM | -The bones |
| URINARY SYSTEM | -The kidneys, bladder, and ducts (also the excretory system) |
| Anatomical Position | Body standing erect with the arms handing ata the side of the body |
| Anterior (Ventral) | Pertaining to, or located toward the front of the body or body part |
| Cadaver | A dead human body used in anatomical study |
| Central (Deep) | Pertaining to the center or interior of a body or body part |
| Distal | Located farther from the point of attachment. (used when referring to extremities) |
| Dorsal (posterior) | Pertaining to or located toward, the back of the body or body part. |
| Inferior | Pertaining to or located towards the lower portion of the body or body part. |
| Lateral | Pertaining to or located away from the median plane of the body or body part. |
| Medial | Pertaining to, or located toward the median plane of the body or body part. |
| Parietal | Pertaining to the WALL of a body cavity |
| Peripheral (Superficial) | Pertaining to the surface of the body or body part. |
| Posterior | Dorsal |
| Prone | A position of the body or body parts in which it is turned face down for face back. |
| Proximal | Located closer to the point of attachment ( used when referring to extremities.) |
| Superior | Pertaining to or located toward the upper portion of the body or body part. |
| Supine | A position of the body or body part in which it is turned face up or face-forward. |
| Visceral | pertaining to the ORGANS contained within the body cavities |
| Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane) | An imaginary vertical plane passing through the body from side to side so as the be at right angles to the median plane |
| Horizontal Plane (Transverse Plane) | An imaginary plane passing through the body horizontally. |
| Median Plane (Midsagittal Plane) | An imaginary vertical plane passing through the body from an anterior to posterior so as to be divided the body into 2 symmetrical (equal) halves. |
| Sagittal Plane | An imaginary vertical plane passing through the body from anterior to posterior so as to be parallel to the medial plane |
| Anatomical Guide | A description of the position of a body part in relation to the position of adjacent parts. |
| Anatomical Limits | Anatomical Limitsà point of termination of a body part in relation to adjacent structures. |
| Linear Guide | An imaginary line drawn on the surface of the body to represent the approximate location of some internal structure. |
| Abdominal Cavity (Abdominal-Pelvic-Cavity) | Cavity within the trunk of the body before the diaphragm. Between the diaphragm and the floor of the pelvis. |
| Abdominal Cavity Proper | Portion of abdominal cavity that doesn't not include the pelvic cavity. Between the diaphragm and the superior border of the pelvic. |
| Cranial Cavity | Cavity within the cranium, containing the brain |
| Dorsal Cavity | Cavity that is formed jointly by the cavity within the cranium and the cavity within the spinal column. |
| Mediastinal Cavity (Mediastinum) | Cavity within the thorax, between the lungs. |
| Nasal Cavities | Cavities within the nose. Divided by a vertical nasal septum formed by the lower bone. |
| Oral Cavities | Buccal Cavity |
| Orbital Cavity | 2 cavities on either side of the anterior portion of the skull, each containing an eyeball |
| Pelvic Cavity | Portion of the abdominal cavity found only in the pelvis. |
| Pericardial Cavity | Cavity within the pericardium surrounding the heart. |
| Peritoneal Cavity | Cavity within the sac formed by the peritoneum |
| Pleural Cavities | 2 cavities within the thorax, one on either side of the lungs. |
| Spinal Cavity | Cavity within the spinal column, containing the spinal cord. |
| Thoracic Cavity | Large cavity within the thorax, containing the thoracic viscera. |
| Ventral Cavity | Large cavity contained within the trunk of the body. |
| Abdomen | Body area between the diaphragm and pelvis |
| Abdominal Cavity Proper | The portion of the abdominal cavity that does not include the pelvic cavity. (Between diaphragm and superior border of the pelvis. |
| Abdominal Region | Also known as the abdomen or abdomino-pelvic cavity. |
| Abdomino | Pelvic Cavity- The cavity below the diaphragm. (Abdomen, Abdominal Region) |
| Cervical Region | "Neck" |
| Chest | Thorax or Thoracic Region |
| Cranium | Surrounds the Brain |
| Femoral Region | "Thigh" |
| Head (Skull) | Consists of the face and cranium |
| Leg | Lower extremity (lower leg or calf) |
| Mediastinum | Middle section of the thorax, that is, between the two lungs. |
| Neck | Cervical Region |
| Pelvic Cavity | that portion of the abdominal cavity, found only in the pelvis. |
| Pericardial Cavity | The cavity within the pericardium, surrounding the heart, found within the mediastinum. |
| Peritoneal Cavity | The cavity within the sac formed by the peritoneum. |
| Pleural Cavities | The two cavities within the thorax, one on either side, containing the lungs |
| Skull (head) | Bones of the head. |
| Thoracic Region | Chest or thorax, above the diaphragm. |
| Thorax- | Chest or thoracic region. |
| Adipose | fat |
| Example of the Hematopoietic Tissues | Blood |
| Connective Tissue | The binders of the body, also serve as the framework of the body. |
| Endocardium | Inside layer or lining of the heart. |
| Endometrium | The inside lining of the uterus. |
| Endothelium | Inside lining of the vascular (circulatory system) system. |
| Visceral Pericardium | is the outer layer or covering of the heart. |
| Epidermis | The outer most covering of the skin (integumentary system). |
| Epithelial Tissue | Linings and coverings of the body. Produces secretions to lubricate and protect surfaces. |
| Epithelial Tissue Proper | ALL Epithelial tissue that is NOT endothelium or mesothelium. |
| Fascia | Sheet of connective tissue. |
| Glandular Epithelium | Make up the glands of the body. |
| Hematopoietic Tissues | Blood forming consisting of blood and lymph |
| Mesothelium | Outside covering of the hollow organs of the body or the lining of the body cavities. Always includes the serous membranes. |
| Mucous Membranes | The epithelial tissues that line those structures tat open to the outside of the body. Inside lining of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. |
| Nerves | (Cranial nerves or spinal nerves) example of nerve tissue. |
| Nervous Tissue | (nerve tissue)- Makes up with the nerves of the body. |
| Parietal pericardium | (Pericardium) lines the pericardial sac. |
| Parietal pleura | Lines the rib cage. |
| Pericardial membranes | (Pericardium) lining of the pericardial cavity. |
| Peritoneum | The outside covering of most of the organs in the abdominal cavity. |
| Pleura | (pleural membranes) lining of the pleural cavities. |
| Pleural Membranes | (Pleura) lining of the pleural cavities. |
| Spinal Cord | Example of nerve tissue. |
| Spinal Nerves | or Cranial nerves make up the nerve tissue. |
| Tunica Adventitia (external) | the outer, fibroelastic coat of a blood vessel or other tubular structure. (outside covering of a vessel-artery, vein or lymph vessel.) |
| Tunica Intima (internal) | the inner, serous coat of an artery. (inside lining of a vessel,-artery, vein, or lymph vessel) |
| Visceral pleura | Covers each lung |
| Connective Type Membranes | derived from connective tissues. |
| Endometrium | Inside lining of the uterus. |
| Epicardium or viscerl pericardium | is the outer layer or covering of the heart. |
| Epithelial Type Membranes | Derived from epithelium |
| Membrane | Sheet of thin layer |
| Mesothelium | A thin expanse (layer) of tissue. |
| Mucous Membranes | Lining those body structures that open to the outside of the body. |
| pericardium | lines the pericardial sac |
| serum | that acts as a lubricant to prevent friction as an organ rubs against another. |
| Serous Membranes- | Lining those hollow organs and cavities that DO NOT open to the outside of the body. |
| Arm | An upper extremity |
| Forearm | Upper extremity |
| Foot | Lower extremity |
| Upper Extremities | "Arms" consisting of the arm, forearm and hand. |
| Bone And teeth | (vomer bone in nose) |
| Involuntary muscle | Don't have control of it. Not under our conscious control. Ex: stomach and |
| Cranial Nerves | (Spinal nerves) example of nervous tissue. |
| Cartilage | stage before bone. What ear is made of |
| Cardiac Muscle | -Combination of both striated and non-striated muscles found in the heart. An |
| Ligaments | hold bones together |
| Lymph | A example of Hematopoietic Tissues |
| (Muscular tissue) | The muscles of the body. |
| Myocardium | This is the muscle or middle layer of the heart. |
| Non-Striated muscle. | (smooth muscle) or unstriated appearance under a microscope |
| Skeletal Muscle | Striated muscle, voluntary muscle, these are all attached to the skeleton. |
| Smooth Muscle | Non-striated muscle, involuntary muscle, associated with the stomach and intestinal tract |
| Striated muscle | striped appearance under a microscope) or skeletal muscle. |
| Tendons | holds muscles together. |
| Membrane | Sheet of thin layer |
| (Synovial membranes) | Found associated with these joints or articulations between bones with free (much) movement. Sometimes these joints are also called diarthrosis joints. |
| Tunica Adventitia (external) | the outer, fibroelastic coat of a blood vessel or other tubular structure. (outside covering of a vessel-artery, vein or lymph vessel.) |
| Tunica Intima (internal) | the inner, serous coat of an artery. (inside lining of a vessel,-artery, vein, or lymph vessel) |
| Visceral pericardium (epicardium) | is the outer layer or covering of the heart.... |
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