Chemistry
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116 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 this quantity can be derived from temperature using Sutherland's formula | viscosity |
| This quantity is given by the VFT equation near glass transition | viscosity |
| When this property equals zero for a substance, the Navier-Stokes equations simplify to Euler's equations | viscosity |
| This quantity is given by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation near the glass transition temperature. | viscosity |
| This quantity is given as lambda times T to the three-halves over T plus Sutherland's constant | viscosity |
| This quantity is measured using devices named for Staubinger and Stormer | viscosity |
| It says that pressure and volume are inversely proportional | Boyle's Law |
| Deviations of it are modeled by the Joule-Thomson effect | Boyle's Law |
| The compressibility factor models this law's deviations | Boyle's Law |
| Boyle's law relates these two quantities | Pressure and volume |
| His law says that pressure and temperature are proportional | Gay Lussac |
| Gay Lussac's law relates these quantities | Pressure and temperature |
| His law states that temperature and volume are directly proportional | Charles |
| Charles's law states that these two quantities are directly proportional | temperature and volume |
| The Redlich-Kwong equation is derived from this | Ideal gas law |
| This can be modified using the compressibility factor | Ideal gas law |
| Van der Waals corrected this law | Ideal gas law |
| It is derived from Charles' law, Boyle's law, and Avogadro's law | Ideal gas law |
| Emile Clapeyron was the first to develop this law. | Ideal gas law |
| this constant is equal to approximately 8.3 joules per mole Kelvin | Ideal gas constant |
| It is equal to Boltzmann's constant multiplied by Avogadro's number. | Ideal gas constant |
| This is in the Nernst equation and the Arrhenius equation | Ideal gas constant |
| The heat capacity of a metal is this times 3 in the Dulong Petit model | Ideal gas constant |
| This constant equals activation energy over temperature | Ideal gas constant |
| An equation of state for the Ideal Gas Law named for a Dutch chemist | van der Waals equation |
| Its A and B terms are inter particle interactions and particle volume | van der Waals equation |
| This equation was derived from the hard sphere model | van der Waals equation |
| These include the Deybe force and dipole- dipole forces | van der Waals force |
| The strength of this is modeled by the Lennard-Jones potential | van der Waals force |
| The Casimir effect is a version of this force | van der Waals force |
| This equation has been improved upon by the ESD and Peng-Robinson equations | van der Waals |
| This equation is a simplifaction of the Tafel equation | Nernst equation |
| The Butler-Volmer equation is a generalization of this equation | Nernst equation |
| This equation maps out a Pourbaix diagram | Nernst equation |
| A modification of this equation gives the resting potential of cell membranes | Nernst equation |
| derived from the definition entropy and Gibbs free energy | Nernst equation |
| Said that the geometric rise of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was directly proportional to a linear rise of the Earth's temperature. | Arrhenius |
| He was the first greenhouse effect supporter | Arrhenius |
| an equation that relates temperature and rate constant to activation energy | Arrhenius equation |
| it is based on transition state theory of Eyring and Polyani | Arrhenius equation |
| it has the collision frequency and steric factor, which equal to the pre exponential factor | Arrhenius equation |
| The alternative to this has the Boltzmann's constant over Planck's constant | Arrhenius equation |
| The Williams-Landel-Ferry model provides more accurate predictions for viscosity at higher temperatures than this | Arrhenius equation |
| the Doolittle Equation, better describes the temperature dependence of viscosity than this equation. | Arrhenius equation |
| This relation is extended by Randall-Wilkins theory and the substitution of Marcus theory into it will produce DeVault-type control coefficients | Arrhenius equation |
| corrections to this equation include Trautz and Lewis' collision theory, | Arrhenius equation |
| if it is negative, a reaction is spontaneous | gibbs free energy |
| It is equal to enthalpy minus the product of temperature and entropy. | gibbs free energy |
| It is only used if pressure and temperature are held constant | gibbs free energy |
| Surface tension can be defined as this per unit area. | gibbs free energy |
| it can be defined with chemical potental and particle number. | gibbs free energy |
| quantity named for him is equal to the sum of internal energy and the product of pressure and volume. | Helmholtz |
| a structural isomer that switches between two forms quickly | tautomer |
| Mirror isomers, that cannot look the same if put on top of each other, they look flipped | enantiomer |
| a type of isomer that has functional groups in different places | structural |
| an isomer that has spacial arrangement around an inflexible double bond | geometric |
| a type of geometric isomer where the groups are facing away from each other | trans |
| a type of geometric isomer where the group are facing toward each other | cis |
| this rule states that when a protic acid is added to an alkene, the hydrogen atom gets attached to the carbon atom with the greatest number of hydrogens. | Markovnikov's rule |
| meso compounds do not have this property | chirality |
| There is an axial form of this property | chirality |
| This property was first observed by Pasteur in tartaric acid | chirality |
| One version of calculating this property involves dividing the electron densities of atoms | electronegativity |
| This quantity for a compound is the geometric mean of this quantity for each atom in that compound according to its principle of equalization. | electronegativity |
| This property has been found to relate linearly to isomer shifts in the Mossbauer spectra of some compounds. | electronegativity |
| In the Luo-Benson expression, this quantity is related to the number of valence shell electrons divided by the atomic radius. | electronegativity |
| What are the two types of viscosity, alphabetical | dynamic and Kinematic |
| this law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid. | Henry's law |
| According to the van't Hoff equation, this law's coefficient can change with temperature | Henry's law |
| Like Raoult's law, it works only for diluted solutions | Henry's law |
| This law's coefficient is affected by temperature | Henry's law |
| the dimensionless form of this law is calculated by the ratio of the concentration of the solvent and solute. | Henry's law |
| This law is commonly used in geophysics, | Henry's law |
| The Lewis-Randall rule is related to this law by the Gibbs-Duhem equation | Henry's law |
| this law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent is proportional to the mole fraction of a solute. | Raoult's law |
| It is related to Duhring's law, by being able to predict boiling point elevation | Raoult's law |
| Duhring plots are only applicable if this law holds | Raoult's law |
| azeotropes are formed from deviation from this law | Raoult's law |
| Fractional distillation only works if this law works | Raoult's law |
| Liquids are perfect solutions if they adhere to this law | Raoult's law |
| This equation says that the natural log of vapor pressure is inversely proportional to temperature. | Clausius Clapeyron equation |
| This quantity can be approximated using the Antoine equation. | vapor pressure |
| one method of measuring this quantity uses a Knudsen Cell. | vapor pressure |
| this is when a gas is in equilibrium with its liquid and solid phases. | vapor pressure |
| Goff-Gratch equation measures it for water and ice | vapor pressure |
| When it equals the atmospheric pressure, boiling occurs. | vapor pressure |
| an adjusted pressure that describes a substance's tendency to leave a phase. | fugacity |
| This quantity for a mixture depends Ton its components by the Lewis-Randall rule. | fugacity |
| The natural log of the quantity times temperature and Boltzmann's constant equals chemical potential | fugacity |
| It is the pressure in ideal gasses | fugacity |
| this Dutch chemist worked out an equation for osmotic pressure. | van't hoff |
| This is the measure of how many particles are released into solution per unit solute | van't hoff |
| He independently from Bel, talked of the tetrahedral nature of carbon | van't hoff |
| his namesake equations relates temperature and equilibrium constant given the standard enthalpy change. | van't hoff |
| This scientist won the first chemistry Nobel prize | van't hoff |
| This quantity is the slope of the graph relating the logarithm of the rate constant to the reciprocal of temperature. | Activation energy |
| This quantity can be found using reaction rates at different temperatures | Activation energy |
| This quantity is evaluated in the Hammond Function for transition states | Activation energy |
| This quantity, negative, is found in the Arrhenius equation | Activation energy |
| This process occurs faster with stearic acid | vulcanization |
| This process occurs faster with zinc oxide | vulcanization |
| This process was discovered by Goodyear | vulcanization |
| This quantity is relevant according to the Curtin-Hammett principle | equilibrium constant |
| This quantity is dependant on temperature according to the Van't Hoff equation | equilibrium constant |
| This quantity is symbolized K | equilibrium constant |
| This quantity's nat log is proportional to the Gibb's free of a reaction | equilibrium constant |
| This quantity is in the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as equal to pH | equilibrium constant |
| This process can form Leisegang rings | precipitation |
| This process is the basis of the Cohn process | precipitation |
| This quantity and entropy is Trouton's constant | boiling point |
| This quantity can be solved with the Clausius Clapeyron equation | boiling point |
| This quantity for water can be solved using the Goff-Gratch equation | boiling point |
| This quantity for metals, is times the gas constant | specific heat |
| This value is at 2 for Helium 4 | Triple point |
| There are one less of these according to Gibb's phase rule | Triple point |
| This value is the base for the kelvin scale | Triple point |
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