CH 13 Respiratory System

5 Written Questions

1. aka "voice box", routes air and food into proper channels; plays a role in speech; made of eight rigid dyaline cartilages and a spoon-shaped flap of elastic cartlilage(epiglottis)
2. lines the walls of the htoracic cavity
3. nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs(alveoli)
4. air leaving lungs; largely a passive process which depends on natural lung elasticity; as muscles relax, air is pushed out of the lungs; forced expiration can occur mostly by contracting internal intercostal muscles to depress the rib cage
5. fills the area between layers of pleura to allow gliding

5 Matching Questions

1. mediastinum
2. co2 transport in the blood
3. naso pharynx
4. oxygen levels
5. inspiration

1. a superior region behind nasal cavity
2. b dissolved as co2 in plasma- 1% bicarbonate- 90% bound to hemoglobin- 9%
3. c changes in oxygen concentration in the blood are detected by chemoreceptors in the aorta and carotid artery; information is sent to the medulla oblongata
4. d separates the 2 lungs: spine, sternum, heart, great blood vessels, trachea, and esophagus
5. e flow of air into lungs; diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract; the size of the thoracic cavity increases; extrenal air is pulled into the lungs due to an increase in intrapulmonary volume

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. oxygen movement into the blood; the alveoli has more oxygen than blood; oxygen moves by diffusion towards the area of lower concentration; pulmonary capillary blood gains oxygen
   1. internal respiration
   2. inspiration
   3. expiration
   4. external respiration
2. moving air in and out of the lungs
   1. external respiration
   2. internal respiration
   3. inspiration
   4. pulmonary ventilation
3. gas exchanges take place within the alveoli in the respiratory membrane; thin simple squamous epithelial layer lining alveolar walls; pulmonary capillaries cover external surfaces of alveoli
   1. larynx
   2. pharynx
   3. alveoli
   4. lungs
4. cavities with bones surrounding the nasal cavity: frontal bone, splenoid bone, ethmoid bone, maxillary bone
   1. paranasal sinuses
   2. parietal pleura
   3. pleural fluid
   4. bronchioles
5. aka "throat", 3 regions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
   1. naso pharynx
   2. larynx
   3. pharynx
   4. oropharynx

5 True/False Questions

1. Chronic Obtrusive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) → completely mechanical process; depends on volume changes in the htoracic cavity; volume changes lead to pressure changes, which lead to the flow of gases to equalize pressure

   True        False

2. oropharynx → middle region behind mouth

   True        False

3. pulmonary (visceral) pleura → covers the lung surface

   True        False

4. respiratory mucosa → located in nasal cavity; moisten air and trap incoming foreign particles

   True        False

5. trachea → located in nasal cavity; increase surface area and increase air turbulence

   True        False