Biochemistry: Nucleic Acids
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Created by:
akadrian777 Plus on April 2, 2012
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the composition of nucleic acid? | Long chains of monomers called nucleotides |
| What is the composition of a nucleotide? | Pentose Sugar Nitrogen Base Phosphate group |
| What differentiates between the different nucleotides? | The nitrogen bases are different |
| What is the difference in sugars in RNA and DNA? | RNA: Ribose DNA: Deoxyribose (no oxygen on C2) |
| What is the difference between the nitrogen bases in RNA & DNA? | Both have: Adenine, Guanine and Cytosine RNA has: Uracil DNA has: Thymine |
| What bonds hold DNA together? | Ester bonds between deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group |
| What bonds hold RNA together? | Phosphodiester bonds between ribose sugar and phosphate group |
| What gives DNA or RNA its structure? | The sequence of nitrogen bases i.e. RNA: A,C,G,U DNA: A,C,G,T |
| Can the sequence be in any order? | Yes |
| What is the secondary structure of DNA? | Exists as a double helix held together by hydrogen bonds |
| What nitrogen bases link with each other in a DNA double-helix? | A-T & G-C |
| What is the difference between the link A-T & G-C? | A-T has 2 Hydrogen bonds G-C has 3 Hydrogen bonds |
| Does RNA also exist in a double helix? | No single strand, but is still folded via hydrogen bonds |
| What are the differences in roles between DNA & RNA? | DNA: Stores genetic information RNA: Transmits information from DNA to synthesise proteins |
| What are the different types of RNA? | Messenger RNA, Transfer RNA and Ribosomal RNA |
| What does 2 processes does protein synthesis involve? | Transcription(nucleus): an mRNA copy of a DNA strand is produced and heads for the Ribosomes Translation(cytoplasm): tRNA molecules bring amino acids to mRNA within ribosome to build a protein. |
| Is adenosine 5 triphosphate an important molecule? | Yes |
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