Race and Ethnicity
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Emmitt Till | black boy murdered in Mississippi for saying "Bye, baby" to a white woman in a store |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | blacks refused to ride buses; rode black taxis, community carpools, or walked |
| Central High School/Little Rock Crisis | 9 black students selected to integrate; National Guard prevented their entry; Eisenhower ordered paratroopers to deal with the situation |
| Sit-ins | purpose was to end segregation in public facilities; civil disobedience; blacks sat at all-white lunch counters; Greensboro |
| Freedom rides | students rode interstate buses to see if they were desegregated yet |
| Bull Connor | mayor of Birmingham; pro-segregation; used fire hoses and police dogs against protestors |
| Birmingham | this city was known for its bombings and peaceful protests that were violently put down; extremely racist city |
| Medgar Evans | black Civil Rights activist assassinated by a shot in the back |
| Freedom Summer | SNCC tried to have blacks try to register to vote |
| March from Selma to Montgomery | symbolic march for Jimmy Lee Jackson's death; state used fire hoses and dogs at the bridge; National Guard utilized to allow protest |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, or gender; desegregated public accommodations |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | outlawed literacy test as voting qualifications; sent federal registrars to South to register voters; marshals to investigate discrimination; resulted in large increase in black voting |
| American Indian Movements | group works for employment, health care, political, education and economic rights for Native Americans on reservations |
| Black Power | more militant movement of black Civil Rights Movement late '60s; lost patience with nonviolent protest |
| Malcolm X | noteworthy black Civil Rights leader; joined, but later left Islam; champion of Black Power movement |
| Massive resistance | Virginia refused to desegregate; closed schools to prevent integration; established white private schools; white flight from urban areas and school systems |
| Brown v. Board | 1954, Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools are unequal and must desegregate "with all deliberate speed" |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Supreme Court ruled schools could be separate, but equal |
| Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee | SNCC; organized sit-ins, Freedom Rides, and Freedom Summer |
| Congress for Racial Equality | CORE; organized Freedom Rides |
| Southern Christian Leadership Conference | SCLC; led by Dr. King; organized Montgomery Bus Boycott; worked for voting rights) |
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People | NAACP; legal arm of the Civil Rights Movement |
| Native Americans | indigenous; 1/3 on reservations; 2x nation suicide rate; alcohol abuse causes 1 in 3 deaths |
| 2 | Native American population = __ million; slow decline |
| 15, 20, 31 | Native American __-__% unemployment; __% below poverty line |
| 65, 10 | Native American __% high school grads, __% college grads |
| WASPs | of Germanic descent; traditionally wealthy in New England/poor in Appalachia; most dominate socially and culturally; all Pres. except Kennedy and Obama |
| 30, 35 | WASPs __-__% of pop.; slow decline; |
| Model minority | pinnacle example of minority; members achieve a higher degree of success than the average |
| Latino/Hispanic | largest minority group; mostly in West and South; Mexican ancestry dominant; Puerto Rican; Cuban |
| 14, 15 | Latino/Hispanic __-__% of pop.; increasing |
| White Ethnics | European non-Protestants; German, Irish, Polish, Italian, Jewish, Greek, Russian; textile and coal mining industry, historically; anti-immigrant discrimination by WASPs; most assimilate into "white" culture; many subculture towns in large cities |
| 30 | White Ethnics __% of pop.; slow increase |
| Race | group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from other groups |
| Ethnicity | distinctive cultural characteristics; basis of common cultural heritage |
| Food, dress, language, religion, music (art) | 5(6) ethnic characteristics |
| Stereotypes | specific thoughts and beliefs about specific groups of people; positive, neutral, or negative |
| Prejudice | how you feel as a result of the stereotypes you believe; tend to over evaluate group in which you belong and devalue other groups |
| Discrimination | behavior or what you do/intend to do as a result of stereotypes and prejudice |
| Institutional prejudice | negative treatment of minority groups built into social institutions; ex. financial lending, health care, employment applications |
| Minority group | people singled out for unequal treatment; regard selves as objects of collective discrimination; does not equal numerical minority |
| Dominant group | people who discriminate; greater power, prestige, and status |
| Minority characteristics | membership ascribed, not voluntary, by birth; characteristics (physical/cultural) devalued by dominant group; unequally treated by dom.; tend to marry w/in group; sense of group solidarity |
| individual prejudice | prejudice = learned; does not need to be based on negative experiences; can be prejudice against own group; tend to internalize norms of dom. group; older and less educated = more prejudice |
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