1.
absolute location: The position of place of a certian item on the surface of the Earth as expresed in degrees, minutes, and seconds of latitude, 0° to 90° north or south of the equator, and longitude, 0° to 180° east or west of the Prime Meridian passing through Greenwich, England.
2.
accessibility: The degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certian location from other locations. ________ varies from place to place and can be measured.
3.
activity space: the space within which daily activity occurs
4.
connectivity: the degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network
5.
contagious diffusion: The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person - analogous to the communication of a contagious illness.
6.
cultural barriers: Prevailing cultural attitude rendering certian innovations; ideas or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in that particular culture.
7.
cultural complex: A related set of culture traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils.
8.
cultural ecology: The multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural environment.
9.
cultural hearth: Heartland, source area, innovation center; place of origin of a major culture.
10.
cultural landscape: The visible imprint of human activity and ______ on the ________. The layers of buildings, forms, and artifacts sequnetially imprinted on the ______ by the activities of various human occupants.
11.
culture: The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society.
12.
culture diffusion: The expansion and adoption of a cultural element from its place of origin to a wider area
13.
culture trait: A single element of normal practice in a culture, such as the wearing of a turban.
14.
distance: measurement of space between two places
15.
environmental determinism: The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development.
16.
epidemic: Regional outbreak of a disease.
17.
expansion diffusion: the spread of an innovation or an idea through a population and the numbers of those influenced rapidly increase
18.
fieldwork: the study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places
19.
five themes: Developed by the Geographic Educational National Implemention Project (GENIP), the _____ ______ of geography are location, human-environment, region, place, and movement.
20.
formal region: A type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one or more phenomena; also called uniform region or homogeneous region.
21.
functional region: a region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it
22.
generalize: to reach a broad conclusion avoiding specifics
23.
generalized map: A general map depicting a certain piece of info. such as precipitation.
24.
geocaching: a hunt for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are placed on the Internet by other geocachers
25.
geographic information system: a collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected,recorded,storedretrieved,manipulated,analyzed,and displayed to the user.
26.
global positioning system: Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features
27.
globalization: a set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships, and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders
28.
hierarchical diffusion: A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples.
29.
human geography: One of the two major divisions of Geography; the spatial analysis of human population, its cultures, activities, and landscapes.
30.
human- environment: The second theme of geography as defined by the geography as defined by the Geography Educational National Implementation project reciprocal relationships between human and environment
31.
independent invention: the term for a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other
32.
isotherm: line on a map connecting points equal temperature values
33.
landscape: The overall appearance of an area. Most _______ are comprised of a combination of natural and human-induced influences.
34.
location: 1st theme, the geographical position of people & things on the Earths surface affects what happens & why
35.
location theory: A logical attempt to explain the ______ional pattern of the economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated. The agricultural _____ _______ contained in the von Thünen model is a leading example.
36.
medical geography: the study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical perspective. Among other things, _______ _______ looks at sources, diffusion routes, and distributions of diseases.
37.
mental map: image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individual's perception, impression, and knowledge of that space
38.
movement: The fifth theme of Geography as defined by the GENIP; the mobility of people, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet.
39.
pandemic: An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide.
40.
pattern: the design of spatial distribution
41.
perception of place: Belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories or pictures
42.
perceptual region: A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity.
43.
physical geography: One of the two major divisions of systematic geography; the spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of Earth's natural phenomena such as climate, soil, plants, animals, and topography.
44.
place: The fourth theme of Geography as defined by the GENIP; uniqueness of a location.
45.
political ecology: An approach to studying nature - society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated.
46.
possibilism: geographic viewpoint - a response to determinism that holds the human decision making
47.
reference maps: maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude
48.
region: 3rd theme of geography as defined by the geography educational national implementation project; an area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon
49.
relative location: the regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places
50.
relocation diffusion: Sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate to new ones.
51.
remote sensing: method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g., satellites) that are physically distant from the area or object of study.
52.
sense of place: state of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character.
53.
sequent occupance: the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape
54.
spatial: pertaining to space on the Earth's surface; sometimes used as a synonym for geographic.
55.
spatial distribution: physical location of geographic phenomena across space
56.
spatial interaction: Both Complementarity ( A condition that exists when two regions, through an exchange of raw materials and/ or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other's demands) and Intervening Opportunity (The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away).
57.
spatial perspective: observing variations in geographic phenomena across space
58.
stimulus diffusion: a form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place
59.
thematic maps: Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute of the movement of a geographic phenomenon.
60.
time- distance decay: The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source.
