Greek Test
About this set
Created by:
longdana15 on April 3, 2012
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Define the term barbarian as it was originally used in the ancient world | The word came from the Greek "barbaros," which originally meant "Non-Greek." |
| What defines a megalithic structure? | Massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs |
| What does the term tribe refer to? | A social and political unit consisting of a group of communities held together by interests, traditions, and real or mythical ties of kinship |
| Who were tribes governed by? | Warrior kings or queens, chieftains, tribal leaders chose by warriors (all of these) |
| How did Europe come to be inhabited by indo-Europeans? | During times of drought or famine, tribes of Indo-European peoples would band together and migrate to areas where food and resources were available |
| Who were the first European barbarians to make contact with civilization? | Greeks |
| What were the major crops the Aegean people subsisted from? | Grain, Vines and Olives |
| Besides farming, what else did the people of the Aegean engage in? | shipbuilding, piracy, metalworking, and lumberjacking |
| What was the unusual feature of Minoan Crete? | lack of fortifications for larger commercial towns |
| Who were the first people to speak Greek? | The Mycenaeans |
| When did Mycenaean civilization develop? | no later than 1600 B.C and during the Bronze age |
| The Mycenaeans were a complex society that evolved as they conquered. How did they bury their dead? | They buried their dead in vast underground stone-lined grave circles with an array of treasures fitting their station |
| Historically, with what society are the Mycenaeans closely linked to? | The Minoans |
| What brought the Mycenaean Civilization to an end? | There is no clear understanding of what brought their civilization to an end |
| How did Phoenicians help bring the Greeks out of the "Dark Ages" (Protogeometric period)? | They brought iron working technology and the alphabet |
| What is a colony? | A new city-state settled in oversea territory sponsored by the local city-state |
| What did the Greeks adopt from the Phoenician traders? | The alphabet, advanced shipbuilding technology, iron working, and naval warfare techniques |
| How many letters comprised the Greek Alphabet as adapted from the Phoenician alphabet | 30 |
| What were the three great civilizations of the ancient world by 500 B.C? | Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Greeks |
| What is the acropolis? | The fortified location of the Parthenon; the high fortified citadel and religions center of an ancient town; the highest point of the city; where the goddess Athena resides (all of these) |
| The Greeks perceived their city-state in a markedly different way than either the Sumerians or the Phoenicians. What was the difference? | The Greeks viewed their community as a place in which all members were entitled and participatory, as well as being a place where all citizens were dependent upon the goddess Athena for good fortune and wisdom. |
| What was the Parthenon? | the "Place of the Maiden" that sits atop the acropolis. |
| What does the term polites refer to? | a citizen of a city state in the Greek speaking world; the first defined member of a city-state; the first defined member of a community (all of these) |
| What was the standard equipment of a hoplite? | bronze helmets and armor, round shields, long spears with iron blades, and short iron swords |
| What is a hoplite warrior? | A heavily armed and armored citizen-soldier of the Greek speaking world |
| What comprised the army that protected each city-state from invasion or participated in warfare? | Every able bodied male |
| What did a phalanx comprise of? | A unit of several hundred hoplites who close ranks by joining shields. |
| Who were most Greek city-states founded by? | A clan descended from a divinity or semi divine founder |
| What is the primary difference between an oligarchy and a monarchy? | A monarchy is a state governed by a single hereditary ruler, while an oligarchy is a state governed by a small group |
| What were the main vessels used by the Greeks for naval warfare? | A trireme with three banks of oars and ramming capabilities |
| Who was the first and most successful democratic state in the world? | Athens |
| What are the primary differences between tyranny and ancient democracy? | Democracy is rule where all male citizens take part in the decision process, while tyranny is rule by one self-appointed dictator. |
| Above most territories in the Mediterranean world, the Greek city-states were the most prepared for battle. Why? | The constant warfare between these independent city-states allowed them to develop exceptional organizational and fighting skills, leaving them better prepared than most for warfare. |
| Who were the helots? | The conquered peoples of Laconia and Messenia that served as slaves to Sparta |
| Who made policy decisions in Sparta? | Men selected by lot from the citizen population |
| Who were the ephors and what governmental power did they hold in Sparta? | Ephors were five elected officials that held the main authority in Sparta |
| What governmental model did Sparta use in the ancient world? | Oligarchy |
| What type of training and education did Spartan boys receive and when did the training begin? | Spartan males began their training at the age of seven. They were taken off to live with the men to learn reading, writing, and training for warfare until the age of thirty. |
| What does the quote from Xenophon tell us about Spartan child rearing practices and Spartan society? | Deprivation of luxuries makes tough warriors in any conditions |
| When were spartan men were permitted to marry? | After age twenty |
| How did the poor fair in Spartan society in comparison to other Greek speaking city-states? | The poor had less power of debate and initiative in Sparta than elsewhere |
| What was the wealthiest city-state in the Greek speaking world? Why? | Athens was the wealthiest city-state in the Greek speaking world because she fomented the overseas trade market and became the largest exporter of wine and oil. |
| What is the term aristocrat used to describe? | Members of prominent and long-established Athenian familes |
| What does the term demos refer to? | The common people in Greek city-states |
| What was the Golden Age of Athens? | The thirty year period under the governance of Pericles, when Athens was at its strongest and most democratic |
| The primary result of the Persian Wars for victorious Athens was | the dawn of a new age of Athenian imperialism, where Athenian naval power and wealth were used to dominate other city-states |
| What was the agora? | Marketplace of Athens and the location of the first Assembly of meetings |
| What was the Athenian Assembly? | The governing body of citizen Athens that would decide on matters of great import to Athens |
| What were the men of the Council of Five Hundred? | Chose by a lot to advise the Assembly and oversee other officials |
| How did the Council of Five Hundred diffuse the power of the aristocracy? | Public officials came from every class of citizenship and all positions were paid, thus ensuring that public office was not limited to aristocracy. |
| Who are the stratgoi and how were they chosen? | They were the ten commanding generals of the military and they were elected |
| What does the process of ostracism entail? | An anonymous vote was taken once ostracism was called for. Whoever received the majority of voted was exiled for ten years. |
| Who held the most power in Athens even though they made up only one fifth of the population? | Citizen males |
| Hetaerae were the | female companions to men (married or single) that are well educated, beautiful and entertaining |
| What job could women in Athens not hold? | Public office |
| Who comprised the majority of resident aliens in Athens? | The Greeks |
| Which of the following described the state of the slave in Athens? | Living in subjugation and despair; living in comfort and respect for their abilities; saving their coin to buy their freedom; hoping that good work would grant them freedom and employment (all of these) |
| What could women in Athens train to be? | Philosophers |
| What were the expected duties of most women in Athenian society? | To tend to religious duties, look after her house, produce legitimate heirs, and serve her family |
| Which of the following is true of Athenian democracy? | Athenian democracy (rule of the demos) was not based upon force but deliberations of the majority of free citizens. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.