| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Allopolyploidy | Polyploidy resulting from the contribution of sets of chromosomes from two or more species |
| Amphiploidy | Having at least one complete diploid set of chromosomes derived from each parent species |
| Aneuploidy | An abnormality involving a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (one chromosome set is incomplete) |
| Autopolyploidy | More than two chromosome sets, all derived from a single species. |
| Chromosome Mutation | Any change in number or structure of chromosomes |
| Deletion | The loss of one or more nucleotides from a gene by mutation or the loss of a fragment of a chromosome. |
| Duplication | A chromosome, segment of a chromosome or gene is present in more than the normal number of copies |
| Euploidy | Chromosomal abnormalities that do not disrupt relative gene dosage |
| Frame Shift | DNA mutation in which a nucleotide or nucleotides (other than three in number) are added to or taken from the chain so that subsequent codons are read incorrectly |
| Gametic | Mutation occurring in the reproductive cells |
| Gene Mutation | A change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA within a gene |
| Induced | Genes that are transcribed or proteins that are synthesized only in response to a specific stimulus |
| Insertion | A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene. |
| Inversion | Mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of a chromosome is reversed |
| Monosomy | Chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of one chromosome from the normal diploid number |
| Non-disjunction | Error in meiosis in which there is a failure of paired homologous chromosomes to separate |
| Polyploidy | A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets. |
| Polysomy | Congenital defect of having one or more extra chromosomes in somatic cells |
| Somatic | Mutation occurring in a body cell |
| Spontaneous | Mutation occurring as a result of normal cellular processes and random interaction with the environment |
| Substitution | Mutation in which a nucleotide or a codon in DNA is replaced with a different mucleotide |
| Syndrome | A group of symptoms or signs that collectively characterize or indicate a disease, disorder or abnormality |
| Translocation | Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome |
| Trisomy | A genetic condition of having three chromosomes instead of two |
Combine with other sets
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