A&P Pre-Lab Quiz Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive
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zkmortstudent on April 3, 2012
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53 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The digestive system | eliminates undigested food, provides the body with nutrients and water |
| Circle the correct term Digestion/Absorption occurs when small molecules pass through epithelial cells into the blood for distribution to the body cells. | Absorption |
| The ____ abuts the lumen of the alimentary canal and consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae. | Mucosa |
| Circle the correct term. Approximately 25 cm long, the esophagus/alimentary canal conducts food from the pharynx to the stomach. | esophagus |
| Wavelike contractions of the digestive tract that propel food along are called | peristalsis |
| the ________ is located on the left side of the abdominal cavity and is hidden by the liver and diaphragm | stomach |
| Circle True or False. Nearly all nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine. | True |
| Circle the correct term. The ascending colon/descending colon traverses down the left side of the abdominal cavity and becomes the sigmoid colon. | descending colon |
| A tooth consists of two major regions, the crown and the | root |
| Located inferior to the diaphragm, the ________ is the largest gland in the body, with four lobes. | Liver |
| Circle the correct term. In its excretory role, the urinary system is primarily concerned with the removal of carbon-containing/nitrogenous wastes from the body | Nitrogenous wastes. |
| The _______ perform(s) the excretory and homeostatic functions of the urinary system. | kidney |
| Circle the correct term. The cortex/medulla of the kidney is segregated into triangular regions with a striped appearance. | Medullary region. |
| Circle the correct term. As the renal artery approaches a kidney, it is divided into branches known as the segmental arteries/afferent arterioles. | segmental arteries |
| What do we call the anatomical units responsible for the formation of urine? | nephrons |
| This knot of coiled capillaries, found in the kidneys, forms the filtrate. It is the | glomerulus |
| The section of the renal tubule closest to the glomerular capsule is the | proximal convoluted tubule |
| Circle the correct term. The afferent/efferent arteriole drains the glomerular capillary bed. | efferent |
| Circle True or False. During tubular reabsorption, components of the filtrate move from the bloodstream into the tubule. | False |
| Circle the correct term. The internal/external urethral sphincter consists of skeletal muscle and is voluntarily controlled. | external |
| Normal urine is pale yellow to amber in color due to the presense of | urochrome |
| Circle the correct term. The average pH value of urine is 6.0/11.0 | 6.0 |
| Circle True or False. Glucose can usually be found in all normal urine. | False |
| ______, like other blood proteins, is/are too large to pass through the glomerular filtration membrane and is/are normally not found in urine. | Albumin |
| Circle the correct term. Hematuria/Ketonuria, the appearance of red blood cells in the urine, almost always indicates pathology of the urinary system. | Hematuria |
| The appearance of bile pigments in the urine, a condition known as _______, can be an indication of liver disease. | bilirubinuria |
| Circle the correct term. Casts/Calculi are hardened cell fragments formed in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts and flushed out of the urinary tract. | Casts |
| When determining the presence of inorganic constituents such as sulfates, phosphates, and chlorides, you will be looking for the "formation of a precipitate" what is a precipitate? | the crystallization of the solute in urine when it is concentrated. (approximate?) |
| The essential organs of reproduction are the _____________, which produce the germ cells. | gonads |
| Circle the correct term. The paired oval testes lie in the scrotum/prostate outside the abdominopelvic cavity, where they are kept slightly cooler than body temperature | scrotum |
| After sperm are produced, they enter the first part of the duct system, the | epididymis |
| The prostate, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral glands produce _________, the liquid medium in which sperm leaves the body. | seminal fluid |
| Circle the correct term. The interstitial cells/seminiferous tubules produce testosterone, the hormonal product of the testis. | interstitial cells |
| The endocrine products of the ovaries are estrogen and | progesterone |
| Circle the correct term. The labia majora/clitoris are/is homologous to the penis | clitoris |
| The _____ is pear-shaped organ that houses the embryo fetus during its development | uterus |
| Human gametes contain ______ chromosomes | 23 |
| The end product of meiosis is | four haploid daughter cells |
| Circle the correct term. A grouping of four chromatids, known as dyad/tetrad, occurs only during mitoses/meiosis | tetrad/meiosis |
| _____ cells extend inward from the periphary of the seminiferous tubule and provide nourishment to the spermatids as they begin their transformation into sperm. | sustenticular cell |
| Circle the correct term. The acrosome/midpiece of the sperm contains enzymes involved in the penetration of the egg | acrosome |
| Circle the correct term. Within each ovary, the immature ovum develops in a saclike structure called a corpus/folicle | follicle |
| As the primordial follicle rows and its epithelium changes from squamous to cuboidal cells it becomes _____ and begins to produce estrogens | primary follicle |
| True or false: A sudden release of luteinizing hormone by the anterior pituitary triggers ovulation | True |
| Circle the correct term. The fertilized egg, or zygote/embryo appears as a single cell surrounded by fertilization membrane and a jellylike membrane. | zygote |
| The uniting of the egg and sperm nuclei is known as | fertilization |
| Circle True or False. Cleavage is a series of mitotic divisions without any intervening growth periods that results in a multicellular embryonic body. | True |
| Circle the correct term. As the results of gastrulation, a three/four-layered embryo forms, with each layer corresponding to a primary germ layer. | three layer |
| The _______ gives rise to the dermis of the skin and the nervous system. | ectoderm |
| By the ninth week of development the embryo is referred to as a _________ | fetus |
| Circle True or False. The placenta is composed solely of embryonic membranes | False |
| Circle the correct term. The allantois/amnion encases the young embryo body in a fluid-filled chamber that acts to protect the developing embryo against trauma. | amnion |
| What is the function of the placenta | all exchanges to the embryo happen through the placenta |
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