SJJ - Biology Ch. 9 Mitosis
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Bmajdalani on April 3, 2012
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 1st phase of mitosis | prophase |
| 2nd phase of mitosis | metaphase |
| 3rd phase of mitosis | anaphase |
| 4th phase of mitosis | telophase |
| this phase occurs during telephase | cytokinesis |
| phase when the cell grows prior to the dividing M phase (dividing phase) | interphase |
| 1st phase of interphase | G1 - cell growth & proten synthesis |
| 2nd phase of interphase | S - DNA replication (copying) |
| 3rd phase of interphase | G2 - organelle synthesis, preparation for mitosis |
| occurs during M phase or mitotic phase | cell division |
| 2 parts of M phase | Mitosis and Cytokinesis |
| When the cytoplasm of a cell divides causing the cell to split into 2 identical daughter cells | cytokinesis |
| The phase of the cell cycle where the cell spends most of its lie | Interphase |
| Longest phase of mitosis | prophase |
| Shortest phase of mitosis | metaphase |
| Difference in mitosis between a plant cell and an animal cell | Plant cell: a cell plate forms between the 2 cells before they divide Animal cell: No cell plate forms |
| Definition of cell cycle | series of events cells go through from "birth" to reproduction |
| The role of spindle fiber during mitosis | helps to separate the chromosomes by attaching to the centromere and pulling the chromosome apart into sister chromatids |
| What larger cells have more difficulty doing than smaller cells | Moving needed materials in and waste products out of the cell |
| Which increases faster, volume or surface area? | Volume |
| Know the images of real cells during the stages of mitosis from the powerpoint | ... |
| Know the pie chart of the cell cycle | ... |
| After a cell completes mitosis and is divided into 2 daughter cells, what happens? | Both daughter cells start the Interphase (cell growth) |
| Major parts of the chromosome | 2 sister chromatids - Identical chromatids Centromere - center where the 2 sister chromatids attach |
| Longest phase of Interphase | G1 - when cell grows |
| Phase of mitosis where chromosomes become visible (the "X's" | Prophase |
| Phase of mitosis where centrioles are at the poles and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres | Metaphase |
| Phase of mitosis where nucleus disappears, chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles and spindles begin to form | Prophase |
| Phase of mitosis where nuclear envelope reforms | Telophase |
| Phase of mitosis where spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids apart toward the poles | Anaphase |
| Phase of mitosis where chromosomes loosen & become chromatin and spindle fibers break down | Telophase |
| Phase that occurs during Telophase when the cytoplasm divides making 2 identical sister cells | Cytokinesis |
| Phase of mitosis where the cell membrane begins to "pinch in" preparing to divide | Telophase |
| Formula for surface area of a cube | Length x width x # sides |
| Formula for volume of a cube | Length x width x height |
| When there is a limit to the number of proteins a DNA molecule can code for at one time and the cell needs more proteins but has to wait because there are too many proteins being made | DNA Overload |
| The area of the cell that nutrients and wastes are moved through | cell membrane |
| How the cell solves the limits to cell growth | Cell division |
| As a cell gets larger, what happens to the cell's surface area to volume? | Decreases |
| In a 2x2x2 inch cube, what is the: 1. Surface Area 2. Volume 3. S.A. to Vol. ratio | 1. 2 x 2 x 6 = 24 inches squared 2. 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 inches cubed 3. 3:1 |
| If a cell has a volume of 5 cm cubed and a SA to Vol ratio of 9:1, what is the Surface Area? | 9 x 5 = 45 cm squared |
| If a cell has a SA of 64 cm squared and a SA to Vol ratio of 8:1, what is the Volume? | 64 / 8 = 8 cm cubed |
| 4 main things that happen in Prophase | 1. Chromosomes become visible 2. Nucleus disappears 3. Chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles 4. Spindles begin to form |
| 3 main things that happen in Metaphase | 1. Shortest phase 2. Centrioles move to poles 3. Spindle fibers attach to the centromere (center) of chromosomes |
| Main thing that happens in Anaphase | 1. Spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids apart toward the poles |
| 4 main things that happen during Telophase | 1. Nuclear envelope reforms 2. Chromosomes loosen and become chromatin 3. Spindle fibers break down 4. Cell membrane begins to pinch in |
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