| Term | Definition |
| Cambrian | Period 1 |
| Ordovician | Period 2 |
| Silurian | Period 3 |
| Devonian | Period 4 |
| Carboniferous | Period 5 |
| Permian | Period 6 |
| Cambrian | (543-510 million years ago) Radiation of most modern animal phyla. |
| Ordovician | (510-439 million years ago) Marine algae abundant; colonization of land by plants and arthropods. |
| Silurian | (439-409 million years ago) Diversity of jawless fishes; first jawed fishes diversification of early vascular plants. |
| Devonian | (409-363 million years ago) Diversification of bony fishes; first amphibians and insect. |
| Carboniferous | (363-290 million years ago) Extensive forests of vascular plants; first seed plants; origin of reptiles; amphibians dominant. |
| Permian | (209-245 million years ago) Extinction of many marine and terrestrial organisms; radiation of reptiles; origins of mammal-like reptiles and most modern orders of insects. |