Cold War Canada
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 middle power | used in the field of international relations to describe states that are not superpowers or great powers, but still have large or moderate influence and international recognition. There is no single specific definition of which countries are middle powers (Canada believed it was one). |
| collective security | a system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all. Louie Saint Laurent/// |
| Igor Gouzenko | (1919 - 1982) A cipher clerk at the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa who defected to the West in 1945. He had proof that the Soviets were spying on the west in order to obtain atomic secrets- one of the first events of the Cold War. |
| Arms Race | Cold war competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union to build up their respective armed forces and weapons |
| Gouzenko Affair | On Sept. 5, 1945, just after the end of the Second World War, a Russian cipher clerk named Igor Gouzenko fled the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa with 109 documents proving the existence of a Soviet spy ring in Canada. His revelations reverberated throughout the world and helped to ignite the Cold War. |
| Louis St. Laurent | he would become canada's second french prime minister. he got canada involved in many foreign affairs. canada was involved in NATO, the korean war, the DEW line, and the resolution of the Suez Crisis. he was responsible for starting trans-canada highway, trans-candad pipelines, and the st. Laurence seaway project |
| superpowers | nations with enough military, political, and economic strength to influence events worldwide |
| Senator McCarthy | 1950s; Wisconsin senator claimed to have list of communists in American gov't, but no credible evidence; took advantage of fears of communism post WWII to become incredibly influential |
| Montreal's Secret Experiments | Included brainwashing and mind control |
| Marshall Plan | A plan that the US came up with to revive war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe. |
| Colombo Plan | egional organization that embodies the concept of collective inter-governmental effort to strengthen economic and social development of member countries in the Asia-Pacific Region. The primary focus of all Colombo Plan activities is on human resources development. |
| GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. a United Nations agency created by a multinational treaty to promote trade by the reduction of tariffs and import quotas |
| UN | an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security |
| John Peters Humphries | ...? |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries |
| NORAD | North American Air Defence Command, brought the defence of the U.S. and Canada to a joint command to protect against any nuclear attack from The Soviet Union |
| Korean War | Conflict that began with North Korea's invasion of South Korea and came to involve the United Nations allying with South Korea. |
| Suez Crisis | July 26, 1956, Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal, Oct. 29, British, French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. UN forced British to withdraw; made it clear Britain was no longer a world power |
| Nobel Peace Prize | • The world's most prestigious prize awarded for the "preservation of peace" • Awarded to Lester B. Pearson in 1957 for his actions during Suez Crisis 1956 |
| Citizenship Act | ... to make Newfoundland part of Canada |
| Supreme Court 1949 | ... to make Newfoundland part of Canada |
| Newfoundland | This province held a referendum in 1948 and voted to join Canada, thus becoming the tenth province in 1949. Premier Joey Smallwood led the way. |
| Joey Smallwood | First provincial premier of Newfoundland. Responsible for the campaign to have Newfoundland join Canada in 1949. One of the great characters of Canadian political history. |
| Massey Commission | Established in 1949, it was to investigate the state of Canadian culture. Its 1951 report recommended that Canadian culture be protected from American influences. One result was that the Canada Council was established in 1957 to give grants to theaters, artists, and writers. |
| Baby Boom | A cohort of individuals born in the United States between 1946 and 1964, which was just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity. These conditions allowed for better education and job opportunities, encouraging high rates of both marriage and fertility. |
| War Brides | Women who met and married Canadian servicemen in Europe during the Second World War. Approximately 48,000 women and their children immigrated to Canada between 1945 and 1947. Most of these people came from the British Isles and the Netherlands. |
| Suburbia | suburbanites considered as a cultural class or subculture |
| Deifenbaker | Conservative PM, involved with the making and scraping of the Avro Arrow. |
| Bill of Rights | Set of amendments to the constitution passed to protect individual rights. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | an international crisis in October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island; the Soviet leader Khrushchev acceded to the U.S. demands a week later. |
| Avro Arrow | A state-of-the-art fighter plane that was developed for the RCAF during the 1950s. In 1959 the Diefenbaker government decided to scrap the project, concluding that the country could not afford the costs of such a plane. Since that time, Canada has always purchased fighter planes from the United States. |
| Vietnam War | a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States |
| Auto Pact | The 1965 agreement between the United States and Canada that created free trade in the automotive sector. |
| Tommy Douglas | (1904 - 1986) CCF Premier of Saskatchewan from 1944 - 1961. Responsible for the creation of Medicare in that province. Leader of the federal NDP from 1962 - 1971. In 2004, he was voted the "Greatest Canadian" on a CBC television series. |
| medicare | A program added to the Social Security system in 1965 that provides hospitalization insurance for the elderly and permits older Americans to purchase inexpensive coverage for doctor fees and other health expenses. |
| CCF | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation - a socialist political party established in the Great Depression, in the prairie provinces |
| Trudeau | 1968-1979, 1980-1984; federalist -in 1968 Pierre Elliot Trudeau became leader of the Liberal Party and Prime Minister -popular because he was French Canadian, and many felt he would address Fr. Canadian concerns |
| Trudeaumania | -he was also youthful, casual, stylish, witty and confident -his charismatic personality contributed to a popularity not previously experienced by other politicians -the crowds, in particular women, loved him |
| Just Society | Trudeau's vision to create a country that balanced the rights of individuals with the rights of society |
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