DIVE Biology Lesson 24
Order by
39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 annual plant | A plant that sprouts, flowers, produces seeds, and then dies, all in one year or season. |
| apical dominance | The main or central stem is dominant over any stems branching outward from it, resulting in a conical branch pattern. |
| apical meristem | The area at the tip of a stem, made up of meristematic cells that can form into stem tissue, leaves, and flowers. |
| annual ring | The secondary (outward) growth of a tree, usually taking one year. Growth rate and type are affected by the seasons, which results in visible rings. |
| biennial plant | A plant that sprouts and grows in one season, then flowers, produces seeds, and dies the next season. |
| bud scale | The protective outer layer of a bud that covers its embryonic leaves and any flowering parts. |
| bulb | A modified stem that is made up of a collection of leaves growing underground from a disc on the stem. |
| cortex | The layer of a root or stem immediately under the epidermis, outside of the endodermis. |
| columnar | A single unbranched stem, topped by a cluster of leaves. This type of branching pattern includes palm trees. |
| cork cambium | Once a stem has outgrown its original epidermal cell layer, this layer produces protective cork cells. |
| deciduous | Plants that shed leaves shortly before winter to conserve energy. |
| deliquescent | A branching pattern in which there is no dominant stem or bud in the mature plant. This can result in a rounder shape as there is no single dominant branch. |
| dormant bud | A bud formed in the fall that has survived winter. |
| elongation region | Located just above the meristematic region, the cells formed there begin to grow and develop. |
| endodermis | Root layer that is one cell thick, and forms a barrier that incoming substances must pass through to get to the vascular tissue. |
| excurrent | A conical pattern of branches. |
| inner bark | Made up of secondary phloem and the cortex. |
| meristematic tissue | Located in the buds, roots, and stems of plants, it is made up of undifferentiated cells that can form any tissue of that particular plant. |
| meristematic region | Made up of meristematic tissue located at the tip of the root, where the undifferentiated cells are reproducing through mitosis. |
| maturation region | Located just above the elongation regions, the cells begin to differentiate to form various tissues. |
| perennial plant | A plant that lives for more than 2 years, or seasons. This includes woody plants and trees. |
| primary tissue | The tissue above the maturation region that is formed during the primary growth of the root. |
| pericycle | A layer of meristematic tissue under the endodermis that can form cork cambium or secondary roots. |
| pith | The core of a stem, it is composed of undifferentiated cells, and stores food. |
| pith ray | Undifferentiated cells between vascular bundles, extending from the central pith core. |
| root | 1) The underground section of a plant, it absorbs water and dissolved minerals, and serves to anchor the plant. 2) The section of the tooth that is embedded into the socket. |
| root cap | A structure made up of dead cells that protects the meristematic region on the tip of the root. |
| root hair | Hair-like cellular extensions from the epidermal layer that allow the root to reach and absorb more water. |
| rhizome | The horizontal underground stem of a plant. |
| structural tissue | Tissues such as wood that form the structural support for plants, Composed primarily of cellulose and lignin. |
| secondary growth | Outward growth that increases the diameter of a plant. |
| stolon | Stem-like structures that grow along the surface of the ground, and serve as a method of propagation for some plants. |
| taproot | A large central root, with many secondary roots branching outward from it. |
| tendril | A specialized stem or leaf used for support, it wraps itself around anything it comes into contact with. |
| tuber | A modified stem that serves as an underground storage system. |
| vascular tissue | Responsible for carrying water and nutrients throughout a plant. |
| vascular cylinder | A central column of vascular tissue in a root, made up of xylem and phloem separated by a layer of vascular cambium. |
| vascular cambium | Meristematic tissue that can form xylem and phloem separated by a layer of vascular cambium. |
| outer bark | The outer layer of dead cork cells, that is continuously being split by the secondary growth of a tree, and added to by the cork cambium. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.