Stress and Health Psychology
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Created by:
Poniatoski13 on April 7, 2012
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Understanding Psychology 9th edition
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Stressor | Any environmental demand that creates a state of tension or threat and requires change or adaptation. |
| Stress | A state of psychological tension or strain. |
| Adjustment | Any effort to cope with stress |
| Pressure | A feeling that one must speed up, intensify, or change the direction of one's behavior or live up to a higher standard of performance. |
| Frustration | The feeling that occurs when a person is prevented from reaching a goal. |
| Conflict | Simultaneous existence of incompatible demands, opportunities, needs, or goals. |
| Approach/Approach Conflict | According to Lewin, the result of simultaneous attraction to two appealing possibilities, neither of which has negative qualities. |
| Avoidance/Avoidance Conflict | According to Lewin, the result of facing a choice between two undesirable possibilities, neither of which has any positive qualities. |
| Approach/Avoidance Conflict | According to Lewin, the result of being simultaneously attracted to and repelled by the same goal. |
| Confrontation | Acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or to attain the difficult goal. |
| Compromise | Deciding on a more realistic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical. |
| Withdrawal | Avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical. |
| Defense Mechanisms | Self-deceptive techniques for reducing stress, including denial, repression, projection, identification, regression, intellectualization, reaction formation, displacement, and sublimation. |
| Denial | Refusal to acknowledge a painful or threatening reality. |
| Repression | Excluding uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, and desires from consciousness. |
| Projection | Attributing one's repressed motives, feelings, or wishes to others. |
| Identification | Taking on the characteristics of someone else to avoid feeling incompetent. |
| Regression | Reverting to childlike behavior and defenses. |
| Intellectualization | Thinking abstractly about stressful problems as a way of detaching oneself from them. |
| Reaction Formation | Expression of exaggerated ideas and emotions that are the opposite of one's repressed beliefs or feelings. |
| Displacement | Shifting repressed motives and emotions from an original object to a substitute object. |
| Sublimation | Redirecting repressed motives and feelings into more socially acceptable channels. |
| Health Psychology | A subfield of psychology concerned with the relationship between psychological factors and physical health and illness. |
| General Adaption Syndrome GAS | According to Selye, the three stages of the body passes through as it adapts to stress: alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion. |
| Psychoneuroimmunoly PNI | A new field that studies the interaction between stress on one hand and immune, endocrine, and nervous system activity on the other. |
| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | Psychological disorder characterized by episodes of anxiety, sleeplessness, and nightmares resulting from some disturbing past event. (ex. war) |
| Posttraumatic Growth PTG | Positive personal growth that may follow an extremely stressful event. |
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