exam 2
Order by
57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Theodore Roosevelt | 26th President of the United States |
| Charles Evans Hughes | Secretary of State under Harding who urged the US, England, Japan, France and Italy to disarm or reduce their weapons |
| William J. Bryan | early 1900s. Ran and lost for the Presidency 3 times under Populist and Democratic party. Secretary of State. Supported Prohibition and was lawyer in Scope's Monkey Trail, against evolution in schools. Famous speaker throughout America |
| Booker T. Washington | African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality. |
| John Hay | Secretary of State under McKinley and Roosevelt who pioneered the open-door policy and Panama canal |
| Pancho Villa | Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923) Did many good things, but killed a lot of people. Wanted to take money from the rich and give it to the poor. |
| Upton Sinclair | muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen. |
| Ida B. Wells | the lynching of blacks outraged her, an african american journalist. in her newspaper, free speech, wells urged african americans to protest the lynchings. she called for a boycott of segregated street cars and white owned stores. she spoke out despite threats to her life. |
| Enrique DeLome | Wrote letter to Cuban government insulting President McKinley; was published in the NY Journal |
| Emilio Aquinaldo | Filipino freedon fighter who helped the US capture Manila in 1898, and later led the rebellion against US rule |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | conservative senator who wanted to keep the united states out of the league of nations |
| Woodrow Wilson | 28th President of the United States |
| A. Mitchell Palmer | Attorney General who rounded up many suspects who were thought to be un-American and socialistic; he helped to increase the Red Scare; he was nicknamed the "Fighting Quaker" until a bomb destroyed his home; he then had a nervous breakdown and became known as the "Quaking Fighter." |
| Jose Marti | led the fight for Cuba's independence from Spain from 1895 through the Spanish-American War |
| Herbert Hoover | 31st President of the United States |
| Gen John Pershing | the US General that led the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I. |
| Marcus Garvey | Many poor urban blacks turned to him. He was head of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and he urged black economic cooperation and founded a chain of UNIA grocery stores and other business |
| W.E.B. Dubois | 1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910 |
| William H. Taft | 27th US president, took over presidency after theodore Roosevelt, strengthened ICC, trust buster |
| Colonel Edward House | An American diplomat, politician, and presidential advisor. Commonly known by the purely honorific title of Colonel House, although he had no military experience., Woodrow Wilson's most powerful advisor |
| Gen. "Butcher" Weyler | Spanish general who undertook to crush the Cuban rebellion by herding civilians into barbed-wire reconcentration camps where they could not aid the armed insurrectos and where they died like dogs due to poor sanitation; removed from Cuba in 1897 |
| Treaty of Portsmouth, New Hampshire | (1905) ended the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). It was signed in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, after negotiations brokered by Theodore Roosevelt (for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize). Japan had dominated the war and received an indemnity, the Liaodong Peninsula in Manchuria, and half of Sakhalin Island, but the treaty was widely condemned in Japan because the public had expected more. |
| Treaty of Paris 1898 | The treaty that concluded the Spanish American War, Commissioners from the U.S. were sent to Paris on October 1, 1898 to produce a treaty that would bring an end to the war with Spain after six months of hostilitiy. From the treaty America got Guam, Puerto Rico and they paid 20 million dollars for the Philipines. Cuba was freed from Spain. |
| Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty 1903 | allow the U.S. to build a canal through a 10 mile wide and to use more land if needed, and to intervene militarily in Panama. |
| 1912 election | Election between Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson (Wilson elected because Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican voters) |
| Open Door Notes | In 1899 the United States feared that countries with "spheres of influence" in China might choose to limit or restrict trade to and from their respective areas. John Hay avoided any problems with trade by sending notes to each country who held power in China asking them to keep trade open and tariffs low. |
| Panama Revolution | occurred in order to topple Colombian rule so that the United States could build the Panama Canal |
| Sussex Pledge | German pledge to warn neutral ships and passenger vessels before attacking |
| Great White Fleet | 16 American battleships, painted white, sent around the world to display American naval power |
| Tampico Incident | An arrest of American sailors by the Mexican government that spurred Woodrow Wilson to dispatch the American navy to seize the port of Veracruz in April 1914. Although war was avoided, tensions grew between the US and Mexico. |
| Zimmerman Telegram | A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico to convince Mexico to attack the U.S. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | Roosevelt's extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force |
| DeLome letter | A private letter written by Enrique Depuy de Lome, Spainish Minister to U.S, critized President Mckinley call him "weak" and "a bidder for the admiration of the crowd" |
| Teller Amendment | Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war |
| Platt Amendment | Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble |
| 14 Points | Woodrow Wilson's peace plan, set out before war ended, helped bring it to and end because it helped Germans look forward to peace and be willing to surrender, was easy on the germans punishment for war. Points included: poeple all over the world are to determine their own fate, (self-determination)no colonial powers grabbing nations, free trade, no secret pacts, freedom of the seas, arms reduction, creation of world orginization/League of Nations. |
| League of Nations | An organization of nations formed after World War I to promote cooperation and peace. |
| Muckraker | Journalist who exposed corruption and other problems of the late 1800s and early 1900s |
| Yellow Journalism | Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers |
| Prohibition | the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment |
| U.S.S. Maine | "start" of the Span-Amer war; exploded off the coast of cuba and it was blamed on spanish torpedoes; heightened by yellow journalists |
| Lusitania Sinking | this was a cruise ship tragedy off the coast of Ireland during which a German u-boat attacked this cruise ship, which was thought to be carrying supplies in order to support the triple entente in their WWI effort, sparks a fiery response from US, ultimately leads them to join WWI |
| referendum | The practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature |
| recall | the act of removing an official by petition |
| initiative | process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot |
| Direct primary | an election in which party members select people to run in the general election |
| lynching | putting a person to death by mob action without due process of law |
| Great Migration | Movement between 1915 - 1940 of millions of African Americans to the north in search of work and fair treatment. |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs |
| Federal Reserve Act | Law that created the modern banking system, created a central fund from which banks could borrow to prevent collapse during a financial panic |
| Hepburn Act | gave the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) the power to set maximum railroad rates and led to the discontinuation of free passes to loyal shippers. |
| Plessy vs Ferguson | a case that was brought to supreme court by black lawsuits to challenge the legality of segregation. The court ruled that segregation was legal as long as it was "equal" |
| Meat Inspection Act | Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines. -1906 |
| 16th (amendment) | Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income. |
| 17th (Amendment) | Amendment to the United States Constitution guaranteed the direct election of Senators by the voters. In the case of a vacancy, a special election is called to fill the vacancy. |
| 18th (Amendment) | Amendment that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages |
| 19th (Amendment) | Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections. |
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