1.
6 types of simple machines: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge
2.
Block and tackle: a system of pulleys made of fixed and movable pulleys. Can have a large mechanical advantage.
3.
Effort arm: the distance from the fulcrum to where the effort force is applied
4.
First Class: used to multiply force and changes the direction of the applied force (screw-driver opening a can of paint)
5.
Fixed Pulley: is a modified 1st class lever. It can multiply force. It changes the direction of the effort force
6.
Gears: are modified wheel and axles. They are two or more interlocking wheels. They may change the direction of force.
7.
IMA=: radius of a wheel/ radius of axle= rw/ra
8.
IMA=: the length of the effort arm/ the length of the resistance arm
IMA= Le/Lr
9.
Inclined Planes: are slopping surfaces that reduce the amount of force required to do the work by increasing the distance over which the force is applied.
10.
Levers: are bars that are free to pivot, or turn, about a fixed point called a fulcrum
11.
Movable pulley: one end of the rope is fixed and the wheel is free to move
12.
Pulley: is a grooved wheel with a rope, chain, or cable running along the groove
13.
Resistance arm: the distance from the fulcrum to where resistance force is applied
14.
Second Class: the resistance is located between the effort force and the the fulcrum; multiplies force (wheel-barrow)
15.
Simple Machine: is a machine that does work with only one movement.
16.
Third Class: the effort force is between the resistance force and the fulcrum (baseball bat)
17.
Third class lever: cannot multiply force, it increases the distance
18.
Wheel and Axle: is a machine made up of two wheels of different sizes that rotate together. The effort force is usually exerted on a larger wheel. The smaller wheel is the resistance force. Examples: door knobs, pencil sharpener.