| Term | Definition |
|---|
| nucleic acids | account for 2% of human weight, responsible for storage, expression, and transmission of genetic information |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | genetic info coded in the sequence of their monomer building blocks |
| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | decode genetic information into instructions for linking together a specific sequence of amino acids to form a polypeptide chain |
| polymers | RNA and DNA are both ________________. |
| nucleotide | each monomer of DNA/RNA polymers |
| phosphate group/five-carbon sugar/base | nucleotides are composed of three components |
| base | single or double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms |
| phosphoester bond | phosphate group of one nucleotide is linked to sugar of adjacent nucleotide to form a polynucleotide strand with bases protruding form sides of phosphate-sugar backbone |
| deoxyribose | the 5-carbon sugar present in nucleotides of DNA |
| purine bases | base that has double fused rings of nitrogen and carbon atoms |
| adenine/guanine | The purine bases of deoxyribose are ____________ and ___________. |
| pyrimidine bases | bases that have a single ring |
| cytosine/thymine | the pyrimidine bases of deoxyribose are ______________ and _______________. |
| nucleotides/double helix | a DNA molecule consists of two strands of ___________________ coiled around each other to form a ____________________ _______________. |
| hydrogen bonds | 2 strands are held together by ___________________ __________ b/w purine base in one strand and pyrimidine in the other strand |
| perpendicular/sugar-phosphate backbone | ring structure of each base lies in flat plane ______________________ to __________-______________ ___________________, like a spiral staircase |
| base-pairing | _________-_______________ maintains distance b/w sugar-phosphate backbones of 2 strands |
| 2/adenine/thymine | __ hydrogen bonds formed b/w ________________ and _______________ (A-T pairing) |
| 3/guanine/cytosine | __ hydrogen bonds formed b/w __________________ and ________________ (G-C pairing) |
| single | RNA has only a __________ strand of nucleotides |
| ribose | the sugar in ribonucleic acid |
| uracil/cytosine | the pyrimidine bases in RNA are _____________ and ______________. |
| adenine/guanine | the purine bases in RNA are _______________ and _________________. |
| mRNA/tRNA | responsible for converting info contained in DNA into formation of a new polypeptide |
Combine with other sets
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