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Additional Paid-In-Capital Capital received from investors in exchange for stock Amortization To write off a portion of a bond discount or premium over the life of the bond issue Articles Of Incorporation An application to organize a business as a corporation made to appropriate state officials Board Of Directors A group of individual, elected by stockholders, who govern and are responsible for the affairs of the corporation Bond A long-term liability in which the corporation promises to repay a certain amount at a specified date and to pay interest at set time Bond Issue The total amount of bonds isssued at the same time Bond Sinking Fund A special fund used to pay off a bound issue when it comes due Charter the approved articles of incorporation Common Stock A title given to stock when only one class is issued by the corporation Corporation An artificial legal entity that has rights and responsibilities of its own Dat Of Declaration Date on which a board of directors authorizes a dividend Date Of Payment Date on which a dividend is actually paid Date Of Record One to two weeks after date of declaration; stockholders owning stock on this date will receive a declaed dividend Declaring A Dividend Action by a board of directors to destribute corporate earnings to stockholders Discount On Capital Stock The amounty by which teh face value of a bond exceeds the issue price of the bound Earnings Per Share A measure of the amount of profit that could be assigned to each share of common stock; calculated by dividing net income by the number of oustanding shares of common stock Equity Per Share The amount that would be paid on each share of stock if the corporation liquiddated and the assets were sold for their book value; calulated by dividing the total stockholders' equity by the number of shared of common stock outstanding Intangible Assets Long-lived assets that have no physical substance Market Value The current price that is being charged for an item in the marketplace Merchandise Available For Sale Purchases that a business makes with the intention of reselling; also known as inventory No-Par-Value Stock Stock that does not have a value printed on the stock certificate Organization Costs Cost directly related to establishing a corporation Purchase available for sale The total amount of beginning inventory in addition to purchases added during a period of time Par Value A value assigned to a share of stock and printed on the stock certificate Par-Value Stock Stock that has a specific value printed on the stock on the stock certificate Preferred Stock Stock that has preferences over common stock, usually in relation to dividends Price-Earnings Ratio A measure used to determine whether the market price of a corporation's stock is reasonable; calculated by dividing the market price per share by the earnign per share Rate Earned On Average Stockholder's Equity The relationship between net income and average stockholders' equity Rate Earned On Average Total Assets The relationship between net income and average total assets Retained Earnings The accumulated profits of a company Retiring A Bond Issue Paying the amounts owed to bounholders of a bond issue Serial Bonds A bond issue that has a series of maturity dates Stated-Value Stok The value assigned to a share of no-par stock by the board of directors Statement Of Cash Flow A finacial statement that shows a company's incoming and outgoing money during a time period ( often monthly or quarterly) Stock Certificate A document showing how many shares of corporation stock are owned Subscribing For Capital Stock The process of selling stock to investors on an installment basis Term Bonds A bond issue in which all bonds have the same term or maturity date Treasury Stock Stock that has been issued by a corporation and then reacquired and held Trustee A bank appointed to ensure that a cororation fulfills all its responsibilities to bondholders