General Biology Unti VI Vocab- Plants
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Created by:
tacotown11 on April 9, 2012
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36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 vascular cambium | lateral meristematic tissue that produces vascular tissues and increases the thickness of the stem over time |
| cork cambium | lateral meristematic tissue that produces the outer covering of stems |
| primary growth | type of plant growth that occurs at the tips of roots and shoots |
| secondary growth | pattern of plant growth in which stems increase in width |
| heartwood | older xylem near the center of a woody stem that no longer conducts water, the older inactive central wood of a tree or woody plant |
| sapwood | newly formed outer wood lying between the cambium and the heartwood of a tree or woody plant |
| bark | tree structure that includes all tissues outside the vascular cambium, including phloem, the cork cambium, and cork |
| blade | thin, flattened section of a plant leaf that collects sunlight |
| petiole | the slender stem that supports the blade of a leaf |
| cuticle | A waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that acts as an adaptation to prevent desiccation in terrestrial plants. |
| palisade mesophyll | layer of tall, column-shaped mesophyll cells just under the upper epidermis of a leaf |
| spongy mesophyll | loose tissue beneath the palisade layer of a leaf; has many air spaces between its cells |
| vein | in plants, a cluster of vascular tissue in leaves; in animals, a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart` |
| stoma | opening in the underside of a leaf that allows carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf |
| guard cell | Pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing. |
| transpiration | the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants |
| capillary action | tendency of water to rise in a thin tube |
| transpirational pull | The movement of water out of the leaf "pulls" water upward through the vascular system of all the way from the roots |
| stamen | the male reproductive organ of a flower |
| anther | the part of the stamen that contains pollen |
| carpel | The female reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary. |
| stigma | sticky portion at the top of the style where pollen grains frequently land |
| pistil | the female ovule-bearing part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma |
| spore | a small usually single-celled reproductive body produced by many plants and some protozoans and that develops into a new individual |
| pollen grain | male gametophyte in seed plants |
| pollination | transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a plant |
| pollen tube | slender tubular outgrown from a pollen grain that penetrates the ovule and releases male gametes |
| ovule | a small body that contains the female germ cell of a plant |
| seed | embryo of a living plant that is encased in a protective covering and surrounded by a food supply |
| seed coat | structure that surrounds and protects a plant embryo and keeps it from drying out |
| tropism | A growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus |
| auxin | a plant hormone that promotes root formation and bud growth |
| cytokinin | plant hormone produced in growing roots and in developing fruits and seeds |
| gibberellin | growth-promoting substance produced by plants |
| ethylene | plant hormone that stimulates fruits to ripen |
| germination | series of events that results in the growth of a plant from a seed |
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