music midterm

5 Written Questions

1. Oral tradition
2. gentle and nostalgic in text and music, structured with solo verses followed by a chorus in tree- or four-part harmony
3. Music written by the amateur singer was often simpler in vocal line and accompaniment, because of technical limitations
4. Found: English Collections, instrumental/vocal works of classical composers
   Not found: no composition form the New England school of Billings
5. natural minor

5 Matching Questions

1. Name one of the two great rallying songs of the south during the civil war.
2. Name the 19th century American composer, who undertook the education of children in New York.
3. Describe the importance of the new England song singer, published in Boston in 1770 John Gilled
4. Discuss the minstrel show and the minstrel song.
5. What was the importance of the place Congo, in New Orleans?

1. a created by white americans (in the North and midwest) for the amusement of other white americans. Characters portrayed on the stage were black, but the songs they performed was not black music
   
   songs were simple, diatonic, often pentatonic, sung in a lively dancelike tempo.
2. b "Dixie"
3. c The Place Congo was set aside on Sundays for slaves from the city and neighboring plantations to assemble for singing and dancing
4. d William B. Bradbury
5. e The first publication of American composition: 126 pieces by Billings

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. the octave was divided into two groups of three notes each, the seventh note stands alone. The first note of each group had the same shape, and the 2nd of each group had the same shape.. etc. the 7th had it's own shape
   1. The easy instructor by little and smith utilized a new system of musical notation, which came to be called shape note. Discuss and describe this type of notation
   2. Explain what was meant when a piece of music was in a sharp key
   3. Name the most important and successful songwriter in America before Stephen Foster
   4. Explain what was meant when a piece of music was in a flat key
2. Anglo-Celtic, Protestant, tradesmen who practiced in spare time, no professional training, musical grammar was unorthodox, studied other composers, like independence and democracy
   1. Define the work songs of African americans?
   2. Define the term ostinato as used by African americans
   3. What was the importance of the place Congo, in New Orleans?
   4. Describe the typical characters of 18th century American composer, like billings
3. The first music to take on a typically American character
   1. Discuss the minstrel show and the minstrel song.
   2. What country tended not to have its music performed in America in the 19th century?
   3. What was the importance of the place Congo, in New Orleans?
   4. Discuss the importance of the "popular song" in the 19th century.
4. German repertory
   1. Italian music was gradually replaced in performances by the music of what country?
   2. Explain what was meant when a piece of music was in a flat key
   3. how was the music of Africa passed on from generation to generation?
   4. Explain what was meant when a piece of music was in a sharp key
5. an African-derived instrument of the xylophone family
   1. How were the instruments used?
   2. Define the work songs of African americans?
   3. what kind of instrument was the African balafo?
   4. Discuss the minstrel show and the minstrel song.

5 True/False Questions

1. Define the term ostinato as used by African americans → the reiteration of a single rhythmic/melodic pattern

   True        False

2. Name the common instruments used by African Americans in the performance of their music? → drums, lute/harp (plucked string), flutes/whistles,

   True        False

3. What was the main reason that Italian opera could not financially sustain itself in America. → The singers were paid more money than they earned

   True        False

4. Name the kinds of songs that were sung at the revival meetings held by the evangelists, and list which class of people used to attend those meetings → in the harmonic style, written in a familiar style of the day, and repetitious so anyone could learn it quickly. All classes attended

   True        False

5. Vaudeville gradually replaced what kind of show, as the most popular form of American entertainment? → minstrel show

   True        False