| Term | Definition |
|---|
| tissue | group of cells working together |
| cell | smallest unit of a living organism |
| energy | ability to do work |
| microscope | instrument that uses lenses to magnify objects hundreds or thousands of times |
| organisms | complete living things |
| reticulum | cell's transportation system |
| cholorphyll | green plant that absorbs energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food and energy for the plant |
| chloroplast | organells that contain cholorphyll; organelles in which photosynthesis takes place |
| cell wall | rigid structure that provides support for some kinds of cells |
| vacuole | a bubble-like organelle in cells; used for storage |
| ribosome | responsible for making protons the cells need |
| endoplasmic | cell's system of passageways which allow materials to move from one part of a cell to another |
| mitochondria | cell's engine: responsible for breaking down the cell's food and releasing energy |
| chromosome | tight bundles of DNA; usually found in the nucleus of cell |
| life cycle | process of birth, growth, reproduction, and death of a living thing; life span |
| cell theory | a theory that says two things 1)all living things are made of cells and 20 cell carries on the functions of a living organisms |
| DNA | chemical code held by chromosomes that tells the cells what to do |
| nucleus | a large organelle that contains the chromosomes |
| organelle | tiny structure inside the cytoplasm of most cells that helps carry out the function of the cell |
| cytoplasm | jelly-like substance made mostly of matter; contains substances such as proteins and fats essential to the cell |
| cell membrane | cell's external boundary for the material inside the cell |
| system | organs working togethr |
| organ | two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function |
| multicellular | living things made up of many cells |
| unicellular | an organism consisting of only one cell |
| Anton von Leeuwenholk | Dutch scientist who is famous for his work with microscopes; used to study "animalcules," creatures swimming in water; magnify by 300 times; (1660) |
| Zacharias Jansen | Dutch inventor credited with inventing the first microscope (1500s) |
| Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden | German scientists who found (a) all living things were made of living cells, but (b) nonliving things were not made of cells; also, he theorized (c) cells can function as individual living organisms or (d) as the smallest units in a larger organism. (basis of cell theory) |
| Robert Hooke | English scientist, inventor, chemist and physicist who believed in experimental investigation. When he observed things, he carefully made drawings with artistic ability and scientic accuracy (Micrographia) |
| life span | process of birth, growth, reproduction and death |
| environment | a living thing surroundings |
| cytoplasm | jelly like substance made mostly of water and containing many substances such as proteins and fats, essential to the cell; where most of the cell activity occurs |
| organ | two or more tissues that work together to perform the specific function |
| vacuole | bubble like organells in cells; generally used for storage |
| mitosis | step by step process that ensures the two new cells formed by cell division will be the same as the original cell |
| meiosis | process of cell division in which cells divide a second time; producing reproductive cells with only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell |
| cell division | way a cell reproduces itselfmitosis |
| sexual reproduction | process of creating life from male (sperm) and female(egg) cells |
| mitosis | takes place in all cells except reproductive cells (skinning knee/healing) |
| 46 or 23 pairs | Number of chromosmes humans have |
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