ITGS Chapter 4 - Networks
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99 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 3G | System to allow Internet access using mobile phone networks. |
| 4G | System to allow Internet access using mobile phone networks. |
| application server | Computer that stores application software for clients on a network. |
| asynchronous | Data transfer method in which the sender and receiver are not synchronised. |
| audit trails | Record of all changes and actions performed with a system, for security purposes. |
| authentication server | Computer that checks usernames and passwords when a user tries to log in. |
| authorised access | User who has permission to use a system. |
| backbone | High speed connections that connect main Internet sites. |
| bandwidth | Measure of a network's speed. |
| bits per second | Unit for measuring the speed of data transfer over a network connection. |
| blog | Web page where entries are stored chronologically, like a diary or journal. |
| Bluetooth | Short range, low bandwidth wireless technology often used for mobile phone headsets or earphones. |
| bps | Unit for measuring the speed of data transfer over a network connection. |
| cache | Storage area for frequently used information, to speed up access. |
| client computer | Computer on a network that uses services provided by a server. |
| client-server | Network system that uses servers to store data centrally and client computers to access them. |
| database server | Computer on a network that stores data for other users to access. |
| DHCP | System that automatically assigns IP addresses to computers on a network. |
| dialup | Internet access that connects using a telephone line and a MODEM. |
| DNS | System for translating domain names into IP addresses. |
| Domain Name System | System for translating domain names into IP addresses. |
| domain names | Human readable names given to web sites, such as www.itgstextbook.com |
| download | To transfer data from a server to a client computer. |
| DSL / cable | Common type of broadband Internet connection. |
| Dynamic Host Control Protocol | System that automatically assigns IP addresses to computers on a network. |
| email server | Computer on a network that stores email for other users to access. |
| ethernet | Type of wired network connection commonly used on LANs. |
| fibre optic | Types of network connection that offers extremely high speed transfers. |
| file server | Computer on a network that stores files for other users to access. |
| File Transfer Protocol | System for transferring files over the Internet, often used for uploading web sites. |
| firewall | Software or hardware used to control data entering and leaving a network. |
| FTP | System for transferring files over the Internet, often used for uploading web sites. |
| gateway | Computer which acts as a bridge between a local area network and the Internet. |
| Gbps | Gigabits per second. Measure of network bandwidth. |
| hardware address | Unique address embedded in network connected devices. |
| home network | Small local computer network used in homes. |
| host | Computer on a network that provides services or performs work for others. |
| HTTP | HyperText Transfer Protocol. The standard protocol of the world wide web. |
| HTTPS | Secure version of HTTP which offers encrypted communication. |
| hub | Hardware device for connecting several computers on a network. |
| Internet Protocol | Standard protocol used on many LANs and on the Internet. See TCP. |
| Internet Service Provider | Company that provides Internet access to homes and businesses. |
| IP address | Unique address assigned to every computer on a network. |
| ISP | Company that provides Internet access to homes and businesses. |
| Kbps | Kilobits per second. Measure of network bandwidth. |
| LAN | Computer network in a small area such as an office building. |
| Local Area Network | Computer network in a small area such as an office building. |
| log file | Chronological record of events, used for reporting purposes and audit trails. |
| login | Process of authenticating oneself before using a computer system. |
| MAC address | Unique address embedded in network connected devices. |
| MAN | Computer network over a large area such as a city. |
| mbps | Megabits per second. Measure of network bandwidth. |
| Metropolitan Area Network. | Computer network over a large area such as a city. |
| microblog | Blog-like system which limited post length, such as Twitter. |
| MODEM | Device for connecting a computer to a telephone line, used in dialup connections. |
| narrowband | Low speed network connection. |
| network administrator | Individual responsible for maintaining and running a network. |
| P2P | Network in which all computers are equal and there are no centralised servers. |
| PAN | Short range network between a computer and a mobile phone or similar portable device. |
| Peer to peer | Network in which all computers are equal and there are no centralised servers. |
| Personal Area Network | Short range network between a computer and a mobile phone or similar portable device. |
| personal firewall | Software application that controls network access to and from a single computer. |
| port | Number used to determine the type of service required when a computer connects to another. |
| print server | Computer on a network that receives and processes print requests. |
| protocols | A standard set of rules for performing tasks, such as communication. |
| proxy server | Computer on a network which acts on behalf of another, or through which all Internet data must pass. |
| push technology | System which notifies users of changes to web pages without them having to visit the page. |
| Read / write web | Refers to web pages which allow user interaction and collaboration. |
| Remote access | Ability to connect to a computer, over a network, as though you were physically present at the keyboard. |
| Router | Hardware device used to connect two separate networks. |
| RSS | Really Simple Syndicate. A push technology. |
| SAN | Network dedicated to providing disk storage to other computers on the network. |
| server | Computer on a network that provides services or performs work for others. |
| social bookmarking | Web site that lets users store and manage their favourite links, and share them with others. |
| social network | Web site that lets users create personal profile pages and share them with friends. |
| Storage Area Network | Network dedicated to providing disk storage to other computers on the network. |
| switch | Hardware device for connecting several computers on a network. |
| Synchronous | Data transfer method in which the sender and receiver are synchronised, allowing higher speed transfer. |
| tagging | Adding key words to an item such as a photo to describe its content. |
| TCP/IP | Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. Common protocol for LANs and the Internet. |
| thin client | Networking system whereby client computers rely on servers to perform their processing tasks. |
| top-level domain | Suffix at the end of a URL, such as .com or .org. |
| upload | To transfer data from a client to a server computer. |
| URL | Universal Resource Locator. Describes the location of an item, such as a web page, on the Internet. |
| Virtual LAN | Network form by several LANs which are in separate geographical locations. |
| Virtual Private Network | Allows a secure private connection over a public network, using an encrypted 'tunnel'. For example, a remote computer can securely connect to a LAN, as though it were physically connected. |
| VLAN | Network form by several LANs which are in separate geographical locations. |
| VPN | Allows a secure private connection over a public network, using an encrypted 'tunnel'. For example, a remote computer can securely connect to a LAN, as though it were physically connected. |
| WAN | Computer network over a large area, such as a country or several countries. |
| Web 2.0 | Refers to web pages which allow user interaction and collaboration. |
| Web 3.0 | Proposed evolution of the world wide web. |
| web server | Computer on a network that stores web pages. |
| Wide Area Network | Computer network over a large area, such as a country or several countries. |
| WiFi | Most common type of wireless connection. |
| wiki | Type of web page that any visitor can edit. |
| WiMax | Long range wireless network technology. |
| wireless hotspot | The area around a WiFi router where wireless access is available. |
| WLAN | Wireless LAN. A LAN what allows WiFi connections. |
| WWW | World Wide Web - a series of interlinked multimedia pages stored on the Internet. |
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