| Term | Definition |
|---|
| The Five I's | Inoculation, Incubation, Isolation, Inspection, Identification |
| Inoculation defined | the process of culturing or cultivating a microorganism. |
| Inoculation | Introduce a small number of bacteria into an environment that is favorable to their growth (the media/medium |
| Inoculation tools | must be sterilized before and after innoculation |
| Incubation | the process of placing inoculated medium at a favorable temperature at which the microorganism will grow |
| Isolation | of individual bacteria is done to produce a single colony. |
| Isolation Colonies | that arise from a single cell give the scientist assurance that all the cells in that colony are the same |
| Isolation of Colonies | done using the streak method |
| Isolation... | Generally done on a large firm surface |
| Inspection 1 | beginning the process of determining the microbe |
| Inspection 2 | Observe the colony or broths for growth characteristics (color, texture, size) |
| Inspection 3 | Prepare slides to determine cell shape, size, motility |
| Pure culture | one single species |
| Mixed culture | holds two or more identifiable species of microbes. |
| Contaminated culture | once pure, now has unwanted microbes. |
| Identification 1 | Determining the species of microbe that you have cultured |
| Identification / Employs morphology | examining the shape through staining using a microscope |
| Identification / Biochemical tests | characterize cellular metabolism. |
| Identification 2 | Can also do genetic testing and Immunological testing (antibiotic tests) |
| Media | Each class of microbes has individual growing conditions that can be re-created in the lab using media |
| # of types of media | 500 different types |
| Media tools | test tubes, flasks, petri plates etc |
| Contamination from | room air, fingers, breath, hair, etc.. |
| Media Classification | Physical state, Chemical Composition, Functional Type |
| Media – Physical State | Liquid – water-based solutions that do not solidify above freezing and flow when you tilt the container |
| Liquid – water-based solutions | Broths, Milks, Infusions |
| Media – Semisolid 1 | At room temperature semisolid media looks to have a clot-like consistency. |
| Media – Semisolid 2 | Contains a certain amount of solidifying agent |
| Media – Semisolid 3 | Do not flow freely in their containers |
| Media – Semisolid 4 | Can be used for motility assays |
| Media - Solid | Provide a firm surface that can result in colonies. |
| Media - Solid form 1 | Liquefiable...Agar is the most popular agent |
| Media - Solid form 2 | Nonliquefiable...Do not melt,...Rice grains, potato slices |
| Agar (solidifying agent) | Extract from the red algae Gelidium |
| Agar Solid at room temperature | Liquid at 100°C, will resolidify at 42°C after liquification |
| Agar | Easy to form in liquid form and then let solidify |
| Agar holds | moisture and nutrients but is not itself digestible by most microorganisms |
| Media – Chemical Content Classification 2 | Synthetic |
| Media – Chemical Content Classification 1 | Nonsynthetic (complex) |
| Nonsynthetic (complex) | Not chemically definable, Usually animal or plant extracts, Blood, serum, meat, Nutrient Broth |
| Synthetic | Media is chemically defined, Can be simple to complex, Generally all the requirements are known |
| Media – Selective and Differential | contains one or more agents that inhibit the growth of a certain microbe or microbes. Important in primary isolation |
| Differential Media | grows several types of microbes but is designed to display visible differences among microbe colonies....Size, color, media color, gas bubbles, precipitates |
| Differential Media Variations | come from the types of chemicals infused into the media. |
| Differential Media Exploits | metabolism differences, antibiotic resistance, etc.. |
| Types of Microscopy | Light microscope, Ultraviolet microscopes, Electron microscopes |
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