| Term | Definition |
| The Square of Opposition | A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subjects and predicates |
| contradiction | they have opposite truth values |
| contrariety | both can be false but cannot be true |
| subcontrariety | both can be true but cannot be false |
| subimplication | the relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality, in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular |
| superimplication | the relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality, in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal |