MUSIC12-Baroque Terms
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Created by:
rakapoo Plus on April 11, 2012
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Baroque Period
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Baroque Period | 1600-1750 |
| End of Baroque Period | 1750 - death of Bach |
| Baroque | Period in Europe when art was gaudy, overly ornate, harsh *music: strings, keyboard instruments, polyphony |
| opera seria* | "serious" recitative; acting dialogue ; drama that is sung, a large-scale composition employing vocal soloists, chorus, orchestra, costumes, and scenery ***not religious |
| aria | song for solo voice expressing an emotional state through its outpouring of melody; found in operas, oratorios, and cantatas *main opera attraction, slow song |
| recitative | vocal line in an opera, oratorio, or cantata that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech, often serving to lead into an aria *repeated tones, quickly sung |
| cantata* | Italian/German composition in several movements; usually written for chorus, one or more vocal soloists, and instrumental ensemble ***religious - unorganized operas |
| oratorio* | English large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative text, but without acting, scenery, or costumes ***religious-unorganized operas |
| Bel Canto | vocal improvisation of a melody adding scales and complexities during instrumental pause |
| figured bass | composition technique applied under short notice; shortcut in writing harmony *top line is melody; bottom line is bass, no chords, more free-style |
| concerto* | extended composition for a single instrumental soloist & orchestra; 3 movements: fast, slow, fast *"The Four Seasons" |
| concerto grosso* | composition for several instrumental solo groups & orchestra; 3 movements: fast, slow, fast |
| suite* | sets of dance-inspired movements, orchestral, no soloist, same key but differ in tempo, meter, and character *"Water Music", "Suite No.3 in D Major" |
| trio sonata* | 4 players: keyboardist, 2 soloist, cello *Baroque composition that has three melodic lines: two high ones, each played by one instrument; and a basso continuo, played by two instruments |
| terraced dynamics | controlled contrasts of sounds; abrupt alternation between loud and soft dynamic levels **keyboard instrument BACH |
| ensemble | composition for 3 or more singers |
| equal temperment | method of compromise in tuning of octaves; adjusting the tones to fit the scale *"The Well Tempered Clavier" |
| canon - round | layering of music; Bass line->piling of melodies on top of each other, same tones *Canon in D" |
| fugue | a polyphonic composition based on one main theme: 1)Subject - main theme; in tonic scale 2)Countersubject - different melodic idea appearing with subject 3)Answer - second presentation of theme; in dominant scale - 5 scale steps higher 4)Episodes - transitional sections between presentations of the subjects; lends variety to the composition *Keyboard instrument |
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