7 Written Questions

1. controlled contrasts of sounds; abrupt alternation between loud and soft dynamic levels **keyboard instrument BACH
2. English large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative text, but without acting, scenery, or costumes ***religious-unorganized operas
3. sets of dance-inspired movements, orchestral, no soloist, same key but differ in tempo, meter, and character
   *"Water Music", "Suite No.3 in D Major"
4. song for solo voice expressing an emotional state through its outpouring of melody; found in operas, oratorios, and cantatas *main opera attraction, slow song
5. extended composition for a single instrumental soloist & orchestra; 3 movements: fast, slow, fast *"The Four Seasons"
6. composition technique applied under short notice; shortcut in writing harmony *top line is melody; bottom line is bass, no chords, more free-style
7. method of compromise in tuning of octaves; adjusting the tones to fit the scale *"The Well Tempered Clavier"

6 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Italian/German composition in several movements; usually written for chorus, one or more vocal soloists, and instrumental ensemble ***religious - unorganized operas
   1. aria
   2. concerto*
   3. cantata*
   4. suite*
2. vocal line in an opera, oratorio, or cantata that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech, often serving to lead into an aria *repeated tones, quickly sung
   1. ensemble
   2. oratorio*
   3. cantata*
   4. recitative
3. composition for several instrumental solo groups & orchestra; 3 movements: fast, slow, fast
   1. oratorio*
   2. canon - round
   3. concerto*
   4. concerto grosso*
4. 1600-1750
   1. End of Baroque Period
   2. Baroque
   3. Baroque Period
   4. concerto*
5. layering of music; Bass line->piling of melodies on top of each other, same tones *Canon in D"
   1. canon - round
   2. Baroque
   3. Baroque Period
   4. concerto*
6. "serious" recitative; acting dialogue ; drama that is sung, a large-scale composition employing vocal soloists, chorus, orchestra, costumes, and scenery ***not religious
   1. oratorio*
   2. opera seria*
   3. aria
   4. cantata*

6 True/False Questions

1. trio sonata* → 4 players: keyboardist, 2 soloist, cello
   *Baroque composition that has three melodic lines: two high ones, each played by one instrument; and a basso continuo, played by two instruments

   True        False

2. fugue → a polyphonic composition based on one main theme:
   1)Subject - main theme; in tonic scale
   2)Countersubject - different melodic idea appearing with subject
   3)Answer - second presentation of theme; in dominant scale - 5 scale steps higher
   4)Episodes - transitional sections between presentations of the subjects; lends variety to the composition *Keyboard instrument

   True        False

3. End of Baroque Period → 1600-1750

   True        False

4. Bel Canto → vocal improvisation of a melody adding scales and complexities during instrumental pause

   True        False

5. Baroque → song for solo voice expressing an emotional state through its outpouring of melody; found in operas, oratorios, and cantatas *main opera attraction, slow song

   True        False

6. ensemble → extended composition for a single instrumental soloist & orchestra; 3 movements: fast, slow, fast *"The Four Seasons"

   True        False