| Term | Definition |
|---|
| J.S. Bach | Composer that wrote all of this music to the Glory of God |
| George F. Handel | The composer of the oratorio "Messiah" |
| Antonio Vivaldi | The red-headed Italian composer of "The Four Seasons." He also ran an orphanage for girls. |
| Giovanni Gabrieli | Italian organist at St. Mark's and composer who represents the bridge form Renaissance to Baroque idioms. |
| Claudio Monteverdi | He is credited with writing the first opera |
| Chorale | A hymn tune usually sung in four part harmony. |
| Sonata | A musical form that's ABA |
| Concerto | Orchestral work featuring a solo instrumentalist |
| Pipe Organ | The most technological wind instrument of the period. |
| Concerto Grosso | Orchestral work featuring a small group of solo instruments |
| Monophonic | The texture that is melody only- no harmony. |
| Polyphonic | More than one musical idea happening at the same time. |
| Homophonic | Texture where the harmony moves in the same rhythm like a chorale. |
| viols | String instruments that are played with a bow. |
| Ostinato | A repeated pattern of melody or rhythm |
| Fugue | A polyphonic form based on imitation. |
| Toccata | A free-form, improvisational sounding composition. |
| Harpsichord | ___ 30 Overture EE The most popular stringed keyboard of the Baroque period. |
| Minuet | A dance that is in a meter of 3/4 |
| Recitative | The dialogue singing of an opera. |
| Oratorio | Singing a sacred story without the theatrical element. |
| Opera | Singing a theatrical play. |
| Aria | Vocal solo that is reflective in nature. |
| Soprano | The highest female voice. |
| Tenor | The highest male voice |
| Libretto | The script of an opera |
| Improvisation | Creating music on the spot. |
| Antonio Stradivari | He was one of the best violin makers of all time. |
| Falsetto | Singing in "head tone" or false voice. |
| Overture | Music that's heard before an opera begins. |
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