THE AGE OF DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 american revolution | the revolution of the American colonies against Great Britain |
| declaration of independence | the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain |
| u.s. constitution | The government of the United States. A set of principles (guidelines) that describe the duties and powers of the government. |
| checks and balances | A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power |
| louis XVI | king of France from 1774 to 1792 |
| french revolution | the revolution that began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799. |
| estates general | The French national assembly summoned in 1789 to remedy the financial crisis and correct abuses of the ancien regime. |
| declaration of rights of man | Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution. |
| robespierre | revolutionary leader who tried to wipe out every trace of France's past monarchy and nobility |
| national assembly | French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789. (p. 585) |
| liberty, equality, franternity | slogan of the french revolution |
| committee of public saftey | 12 people led by Robespierre, took control, began Reign of Terror, guillotined anyone they considered an internal enemy |
| reign of terror | any period of brutal suppression thought to resemble the Reign of Terror in France |
| napoleon bonaparte | Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile. |
| congress of vienna | conservative, reactionary meeting, led by prince metternich, restore europe to prerevolution time |
| balance of power | distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong |
| nationalism | the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals |
| metternich | Austrian foreign minister who basically controlled the Congress of Vienna. Wanted to promote peace, conservatism, and the repression of libaral nationalism throughout Europe. |
| simon bolivar | Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule |
| toussaint I'Ouverture | led a rebellion against French rule on the island of Santo Domingo which resulted in heavy French losses |
| william wilberforce | British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807. |
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