Physical Science Part 3
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Created by:
earlybirdsgetthewormteach on April 13, 2012
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 astigmatism | an eye condition in which objects at any distance appear blurry because of the distorted shape of the cornea |
| aromatic hydrocarbons | hydrocarbons that contain a ring structure similar to benzene |
| Archimedes' principle | the equivalence of the buoyant force on an object and the weight of the fluid displaced by the object |
| antinode | a point of maximum displacement midway between two nodes in a standing wave |
| anion | an ion with a negative charge |
| central heating system | a heating system that heats many rooms form one central location |
| cation | an ion with a positive charge |
| catalyst | a substance that affects the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction |
| carbohydrate | a compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in which the ration of hydrogen to oxygen atoms is 2 : 1 |
| camera | an optical instrument that records an image of an object |
| concave lense | a lens that is curved inward at the center and is thickest at the outside edges |
| computer | a programmable device that can store and process information |
| compression | an area of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together |
| compound machine | a combination of two or more simple machines that operate together |
| compound | a substance that is made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances |
| deposition | the phase change in which a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing into a liquid |
| density | the ration of a material's mass to its volume |
| decomposition reaction | a chemical reaction in which a compound vbeaks down into two or more simpler substances |
| decibel | a unit that compares the intensities of different sounds |
| crystals | solids whose particles are arranged in a lattice structure |
| electric force | the attraction or repulsion between electrically charged objects |
| electric field | a field in a region of space that exerts electric forces on charged particles; a field produced by electric charges or by chaging magnetic fields |
| electric current | a continuous flow of electric charge |
| electric circut | a complete path through which electric charge can flow |
| electric charge | a property that causes subatomic particles such as protons and electrons to attract or repel one another |
| energy conservation | the practice of finding ways to use less energy or to use energy more efficently |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings |
| endothermic | a description of a change in which a system absorbs energy from its surroundings |
| element | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| friction | a force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other |
| frequency modulation (FM) | the number of complete cycles per unit time for a periodic motion |
| free fall | the movement of an object toward Earth because of gravity |
| frame of reference | a system of objects that are not moving with respect to one another |
| fossil fuels | rich deposits of hydrocarbon mixtures that formed from the remains of organisms |
| hertz (Hz) | the unit of measure for grequency, equal to one cycle per second |
| heat pump | a device that uses work to transfer thermal energy from a colder area to a warmer area |
| heat of vaporization | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas |
| heat of fusion | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid |
| heat energy | any device that converts thermal energy into work |
| interference | the interaction of two or more waves that combind in a region of overlap |
| intensity | the rate at which a wave's energy flows through a given unit of area |
| integrated circuit | a thin slice of silicon that contains many solid-state components; a microchip |
| instantanious speed | the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time |
| input force | the force exerted on a machine |
| liquid | the state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
| linear graph | a graph in which the displayed data from a straight line |
| lift | an upward force due to a pressure difference between the top and bottom of a wing |
| lever | a rigid bar that is free to move atound a fixed point |
| lens | an object made of any thin, transparent material that has one or two curved surfaces that can reg |
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