| Term | Definition |
| trope | artful variation from the typical or expected way a word or idea is expressed |
| irony | contrast between actual meaning and the suggestion of another meaning |
| verbal irony | saying one thing while meaning the opposite |
| situational irony | situation turns out unexpectedly |
| dramatic irony | the audience knows more than the characters |
| oxymoron | paradox that combines a pair of contrary terms into a single expression |
| paradox | an apparently contradictory statement that contains a measure or truth |
| pun | play on words |
| allusion | reference to a mythological,literary,or historical person place or thing |