5 Written Questions

1. vibrio cholera. large infectious dose. cholera toxin causes cell to secrete electrolytes. characterized by rice stools
2. nutrient poor, little autotrophic growth
3. fermentation. employs lactic acid from vegetables. lowers pH & discourages growth
4. use of microbacteria to get rid of pollutants
5. 1) sexual contact
   2) blood/blood products
   3) vertical transmission

5 Matching Questions

1. tuberculoid leprosy
2. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
3. pathogenesis of HIV
4. ischemia
5. trichinosis

1. a gp120 & gp41
2. b cell mediated immunity develops & macrophages limit spread
3. c 1) pig ingests trichinella
   2) humans ingest undercooked pork
   3) cysts develop & produce larvae
   4) larvae forms cysts in tissue
4. d fatal within 1 year. presents with behavorial/personality changes, lack of muscle control, dementia
5. e interruption of blood flow resulting from a wound

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. treponema pallidum. 3 clinical stages
   1. detritus
   2. soy sauce
   3. hypolimnion
   4. syphilis
2. herpes virus 8. asymptomatic, 50% of HIV patient will develop this
   1. kaposis sarcoma
   2. capillaries
   3. hypolimnion
   4. sabin vaccine
3. if brain is infected by meningitis
   1. xenobiotics
   2. encephalitis
   3. hepatitis C
   4. chagas
4. fungi growing w/ plant roots, increase surface of the plant
   1. C horizon
   2. A horizon
   3. mycorrhizea
   4. pyuria
5. salmonella typhi. spread in human feces. bacteria multiply & spread to blood.
   1. mycorrhizea
   2. hydatid disease
   3. typhoid fever
   4. cholera

5 True/False Questions

1. carbon cycle → 1) nitrogen fixation
   2) ammonification
   3) nitrification
   4) denitrification

   True        False

2. VacA → s. cerevisiae.
   CO2 produced during fermentation causes bread to rise

   True        False

3. blood brain barrier → tightly packed cells, impermeable

   True        False

4. bloom → rapid growth of phytoplankton due to change in water

   True        False

5. 3 types of typhus → 1) epidemic typhus
   2) endemic typhus
   3) tickborne typhus

   True        False