| Term | Definition |
| Taxanomic family hominidae | distinguished by bipedalism |
| culture | a learned strategy of adaptation |
| biocultural evolution | the interaction of culture and biology over time |
| Paleoanthropology | subfield of physical anthropology |
| artifacts | most important source of information for archaeologists |
| primatology | study of non human primates |
| forensic anthropology | applies to anthropology to law |
| paleoanthropology | field concerned with human evolution |
| ethnology | compares numerous cultures |
| hypothesis | a provisional explanation |
| theory | a hypothesis that has a been tested |
| uniformitarianism | refers to geology |
| Linnaeus | wrote system naturae |
| Natural Selection | example of this is the peppered moth |
| Genetics | the study of how traits are transmitted from one generation to the next |
| Eukaryotic | multicellular |
| Nucleotides | two chains of dna |
| Protein | composed of amino acids |
| Gene | sequence of dna bases |
| homeobox | "hot genes" that are regulatory |
| Meiosis | produces a sex cell with 23 chromosomes |
| Polymerase chain reaction | PCR |
| Homozygous | two copies of the same allele |
| ABO system | 4 phenotypes |
| Codominance | i.e ; AB blood type |
| polygenic | traits that are influenced by alleles at two or more loci |
| mitochondrial dna | associated with inheritance from the mother |
| mtDNA | used to study mutation rates |
| modern synthesis | modern evolutionary theory |
| evolution | change in allele frequency |
| Gene flow | exchange of alleles between populations |
| Genetic drift | flounder effect is an example of this |
| Natural selection | provides a directional change |
| sickle cell allele | example of natural selection |
| Mutation | an evolutionary factor |
| levels | chromosomes, cells, and organisms |
| Mendels experiment | illustrates an empirical approach toward developing theories |
| scientific methodology | exercise in rational thought and critical thinking |