reproduction lab
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Created by:
nursebetty23 on April 16, 2012
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82 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 cowpers | the pea-sized gland just below the prostate that prepares the urethra for the sperm |
| spermatogeneisis | development of mature sperm |
| oogenesis | the production, growth, and maturation of an egg, or ovum |
| meiosis | (genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms |
| mitosis | cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes |
| chromosome | a threadlike body in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order |
| polar bodies | the three unusable products that result during oogenesis |
| spermatozoa | a mature sperm cell |
| oocyte | Immature egg cell (gamette) |
| ovum | the female reproductive cell |
| capacitation | Occurring in the female reproductive tract, _____ is the process by which spermatozoa become capable of fertilizing an egg. |
| vas deferens | a duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct |
| ejaculatory duct | Tube through which semen enters the male urethra |
| gamettes | reproductive cells |
| diploid | (genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number |
| haploid | (genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes |
| what is the objective of meiosis | result in reduction in chromosome numbers to half result of meiosis is 4 daughter cells |
| what is the importance of the haploid number | instead of having two sets of chromosomes you have one set |
| hepatic portal | a subdivision of the systemic circulation in which blood from the abdominal digestive organs and spleen circulate through the liver before returning from the heart |
| anterior veins | drain the anterior surface of the right ventricle and empty directly into the right atrium. |
| posterior veins | what system of veins drains the posterior abdominal and thoracic walls? |
| wet spirometer | Two containers (one open at the bottom, the other filled with water) and a tube that measure respiratory volumes and capacities (tidal volume, vital capacity, total lung capacity) |
| total volume | What is the term for the total volume of air moved in and out of the respiratory system per minute? |
| expiratory reserve volume | Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation |
| volume capacity | The amount of space (in cubic units) that a solid figure can hold. |
| irv | inspiratory reserve volume, additional volume that can be inspired above tidal volume, 3000 mL |
| bronchial tree | branched airways that lead from the trachea to the alveoli |
| respiratory tract | the passages through which air enters and leaves the body |
| bell jar model | Represents the diaphragm moving up and down, and how the lungs expand in the process. |
| boyles law | The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperture; when volume increase, pressure decreases. |
| emphysema | an abnormal condition of the lungs marked by decreased respiratory function |
| normal lung tissue | compliance, elastic recoil |
| nephron | functional unit of the kidney |
| glomerulus | A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney. |
| hippuric acid | benzoic acid is eliminated from body in this form; increases with high-vegie diets |
| uric acid | nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine. |
| fertilization | creation by the physical union of male and female gametes |
| zygote | the cell resulting from the union of an ovum and a spermatozoon (including the organism that develops from that cell) |
| cleavage | (embryology) the repeated division of a fertilised ovum |
| mass | a body of matter without definite shape |
| induction | The process by which neighboring cells can influence the determination (and subsequent differentiation) of a cell. |
| morula | a solid mass of blastomeres that forms when the zygote splits |
| blastula | The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development |
| gastrula | the embryo in the stage of development after the blastula; contains the embryonic germ layers |
| differntiation | process in which cells become specialized in structure and function |
| umbilical artery | Carries blood from aorta to placenta |
| umbilical vein | a vein in the umbilical cord, A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus. |
| umbilical ligament | 1. fibrous continuation of the umbilical artery 2. located in the medial umbilical fold |
| ductus venosus | the fetal structure that allows most of the blood to bypass the liver and to flow from the umbilical vein to the vena cava |
| chorionic villi | These are finger like projections that form the fetal portion of the placenta. By the 8th week, chorionic villi sampling is possible. |
| yolk sac | membranous structure enclosing the yolk of eggs in birds reptiles marsupials and some fishes |
| allantois | vascular fetal membrane that develops from the hindgut in embryonic higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals) |
| deciduas capsularis | =portion of the endometrium that surrounds the uterine cavity face of the implanted embryo. |
| amniotic cavity | the fluid-filled cavity that surrounds the developing embryo |
| amnion | Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus |
| chorion | outermost membranous sac enclosing the embryo in higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals) |
| mucous plug | A collection of thick mucus that blocks the cervical canal during pregnancy. Also called operculum. |
| corpuscle | either of two types of cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) and sometimes including platelets |
| capsule | a structure that encloses a body part |
| glomerulus | small network of capillaries encased in the upper end of a nephron; where the filtration of blood takes place |
| renal corpuscle | the capsule that contains Bowman's capsule and a glomerulus at the expanded end of a nephron |
| bowmans capsule | cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and which filtration takes place. |
| larynx | voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords |
| hyoid bone | a U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue muscles |
| cricoid cartilage | ring of cartilage connecting the larynx and trachea |
| arytenoids | Paired cartilages. Located on posterolateral surface of cricoid. Pyramid shaped with the corniculate cartilages sitting on top of them. Vocal Processes--project toward thyroid notch, attachment for VF Muscular Processes--lateral portion of arytenoid, attachment for muscles that adduct and abduct the VFs |
| corniculates | cone-shaped cartilage attached to the top of the arystenoids. They are landmarks used when visualizing the glotic opening. (p. 1183) |
| cuneiforms | elongated cartilage attached to the posterior arystenoids. They are landmarks used when visualizing the glottic opening. (p. 1183) |
| trachea | membranous tube with cartilaginous rings that conveys inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi |
| primary bronchus | The first branches of the trachea going left and right into the lungs. |
| specific gravity | the measurement of dissolved substances in the urine |
| primary bronchi | from the trachea air will flow into the |
| right axillary | blood flows from the right brachial vein into |
| left external illiac | blood flows into the left common iliac vein most immedialty from |
| hepatic portal vein dreains blood from | stiomac, small intestine, colon, and spleen |
| impermable to water | an important characteristic of the ascending loop of henle is |
| glomerulus | the portion of the nephron where the filtrate is first produced from the blood is the |
| adh | the hormone that has an impact on the amount of water that will be reabsorbed from the collecting duct is |
| collecting duct | the structure that conducts urine to the bladder is |
| ovary | the organ in the female that develops the ovum and delivers it to the fimbria is |
| meiosis | the general process of producing a haploid cell |
| testis | organ that produces sperm and delivers them to the epididimus is |
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