Criminology Ch. 11
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Created by:
kelllsseyyy37 on April 16, 2012
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 occasional criminals | offenders who do not define themselves by a criminal role or view themselves as committed career criminals |
| situational inducement | short-term influence on a persons behavior, such as financial problems or peer pressure, which increases risk taking |
| professional criminals | offenders who make a significant portion of their income from crime |
| larceny | taking for one's own use the property of another, by means other than force or threats on the victim or forcibly breaking into a person's home or workplace; theft |
| constructive possession | a legal fiction that applies to situations in which persons voluntarily give up physical custody of their property but still retain legal ownership |
| petit larceny | theft of a small amount of money or property, punished as a misdemeanor |
| grand larceny | theft of money or property of substantial value, punished as a felony |
| shoplifting | the taking of goods from retail stores |
| snitch | amateur shoplifter who does not self-identify as a thief but who systematically steals merchandise for personal use |
| booster | professional shoplifter who steals with intention of reselling stolen merchandise |
| merchant privilege laws | legislation that protects retailers and their employees from lawsuits if they arrest and detain a suspected shoplifter on reasonable grounds |
| target removal strategy | displaying dummy or disabled goods as a means of preventing shoplifting |
| target hardening strategy | locking goods into place or using electronic tags and sensing devices as means of preventing shoplifting |
| naive check forgers | amateurs who cash bad checks because of some financial crisis but have little identification with a criminal subculture |
| systemic forgers | professionals who make a living by passing bad checks |
| false pretenses | misrepresenting a fact in a way that causes a deceived victim to give money or property to the offender |
| confidence game | a swindle, often involving a get-rich-quick scheme, and often with illegal overtones so that the victim will be afraid or embarrassed to call the police |
| fence | a buyer and seller of stolen merchandise |
| embezzlement | a type of larceny in which someone who is trusted with property fraudulently converts it to his or her own use or for the use of others |
| burglary | entering a home by force, threat, or deception with intent to commit a crime |
| arson | the willful, malicious |
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