APES Solid/Hazardous Waste, GCC, Ozone, Air Pollution

5 Written Questions

1. Open dump (put trash anywhere, unregulated, illegal, halted by SWDA (solid wate disposal act, regulated storage/disposal/treatment of waste); landfills (designed to hold things forever, highly monitored); incineration (burn!, expensive, generate energy, air pollution); composting (piling organic stuff)
2. warming of the earth's lower atmosphere (troposphere) because of increases in the concentrations of one or more greenhouse gases; it can result in climate change that can last for decades to thousands of years
3. (Pb) doesn't break down in the environment; primarially from leaded gasoline or house plants, it can cause hyperactivity, hearing impairments, behavior impairments, blindness, or death
4. any unwanted or discarded material that is not a liquid or gas
5. variety of solid particles and liquid droplets small and light enough to remain suspended in the air for long periods. About 62% of the SPM in outdoor air comes from natural sources such as dust, wild fires, and sea salt. The remaining 38% comes from human sources such as coal-burning electric power and industrial plants, motor vehicles, plowed fields, road construction, unpaved roads, and tobacco smoke.

5 Matching Questions

1. Kyoto Protocol
2. AIR POLLUTION
3. temperature inversion
4. IPCC
5. GCC

1. a global climate change; broad term referring the changes in any aspects of the earth's climate, including temperature, precipitaion, and storm activity
2. b one or more chemicals in high enough concentrations in the air to harm humans, other animals, vegetation, or materials. Excess heat is also considered a form of air pollution.
3. c UN goal set to reduce emissions, no enforcement
4. d Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, panel of scientists and researchers has been one of the main bodies in environmental control and standards in the international community
5. e layer of dense, cool air trapped under a layer of less dense, warm air. It prevents upward-flowing air currents from developing; in a prolonged inversion, air pollution in the trapped layer may build up to harmful levels

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. chemical that has been added directly to the air by natural events or human activities and occurs in a harmful concentration
   1. primary pollutants
   2. hazardous waste
   3. AIR POLLUTION
   4. secondary pollutants
2. the falling of acids and acid-forming compounds from the atmosphere to the earth's surface. Acid deposition is commonly known as acid rain, a term that refers to the wet deposition of droplets of acids and acid-forming compounds
   1. Solid Waste
   2. phytoremediation
   3. AIR POLLUTION
   4. acid deposition
3. aka sequestration; process of removing carbon dioxide gas from coal0burning power and industrial plants and storing it somewhere (usually underground or under the seabed) so that it is not released into the atmosphere, essentially forever
   1. carbon oxides
   2. Montreal Protocol
   3. Carbon Capture and Storage
   4. temperature inversion
4. 2nd layer of the atmosphere, extending about 17-48 km (11-30 miles) above the earth's surface. It contains small amounts of gaseous ozone (O3), which filters out about 95% of the incoming harmful ultraviolet raiation emmitted by the sun
   1. stratosphere
   2. Solid Waste
   3. troposphere
   4. leachate
5. resticts the main power plants' emissions by limiting the amount they can pollute, but allowing them to buy and sell credits from one-another
   1. Carbon Capture and Storage
   2. Cap and Trade aka Emission Trading
   3. Superfund Act aka CERCLA
   4. acid deposition

5 True/False Questions

1. secondary pollutants → harmful chemical formed in the atmosphere when a primary air pollutant reacts with normal air components or other air pollutants

   True        False

2. phytoremediation → Use natural or genetically engineered plants to absorb, filter, and remove contaminants from polled soil and water

   True        False

3. carbon oxides → (SOx) Primary source is coal burning. Primary and secondary effects include acid deposition, respiratory irritation, plant damage. Reduction methods include: scrubbers, burn low sulfur fuel.

   True        False

4. Love Canal, NY → a liquid resulting from decomposition and from precipitation percolating down through a landfill

   True        False

5. GHG → green house gases; gases in the earth's lower atmosphere (troposphere) that cause the greenhouse effect; ex: CO2, CFCs, oxone, methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide

   True        False