Byzantine Empire
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111 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 viking who was invited to rule Novgorod | Rurik |
| Slavic territories along Dnieper River | Kievan Rus |
| came up with an alphabet that helped convert Slavs to Christianity | Cyril |
| people who attend church | Laity |
| Serbs, Croats, Slovenes | South Slavs |
| battles to protect Christianity | Crusades |
| center of religion, government, and culture in Russia | Kremlin |
| when the church split between Eastern and Western | Schism |
| major industry in Constantinople | Silk |
| worked to improve women's position in Byzantine Empire | Theodora |
| 1st country to officially adopt Christianity | Armenia |
| landowning nobles in Russia | Boyar |
| Slavic people who were Muslims | Bosnians |
| chemicals used in war that explode | Greek Fire |
| Islamic group who took over Constantinople | Ottoman Turks |
| tried to unite Eastern and Western Roman Empire | Justinian |
| center of Orthodox church after fall of Constantinople | Muscovy |
| elaborate, decorated books | illustrated manuscripts |
| where women went to live to dedicate themselves to God | convent |
| conquered Byzantine Empire | Ottoman Turks |
| brought Russian principalities under his control | Ivan III |
| also known as Mongols | Tatars |
| conquered most of Russia | Mongols |
| large, grassy, semiarid land of Euasia | steppe |
| study of religious questions | Theology |
| farmers chop down trees and burn stumps; ashes used as fertilizer | slash and burn agriculture |
| colored tiles, glass, stones used to make a picture | mosaic |
| religious portraits, paintings, mosaics, etc. | icons |
| hired to protect trade routes | vikings |
| place where monks lived in seclusion dedicating themselves to God | Monastery |
| church in Constantinople | Hagia Sophia |
| an immense semiarid grass-covered plain gound in southeastern Europe and Siberia | steppe |
| married the niece of the last Byzantine emperor in AD 1472 and claimed the title tsar (caesar) and claimed himself Sovereign of All Russia | Ivan III |
| a member of the council of landowners and wealthy merchants who assisted princes in early Russia | boyar |
| longest river in Europe, it begins in the Valdai Hills and flows 2,290 miles southeast to the Caspian Sea, cutting across the steppes and forests of eastern Europe | Volga River |
| the western penninsula of Asia, lying between the Black and Mediterranean Seas | Asia Minor |
| a separation of the church in AD 1054 that created the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox church in the East | schism |
| lay members of a church (not ordained) | laity |
| became Grand Prince in AD 980 and brought Eastern Orthodoxy to Kievan Russia | Vladimir |
| representation or picture of a sacred Christian person, the picture or statue itself regarded as sacred | icons |
| a person speaking the Turkic language, and from the area of Asia Minor | Turks |
| strategic city of the Byzantine Empire lovated on the penninsula between Europe and Asia, and the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea; birthplace of the Eastern Orthodox religion | Constantinople |
| an emperor of early Russia | tsar |
| a river flowing 1,420 miles south into the Black Sea and the 3rd longest in Europe, it cuts across the steppes and thick forests of eastern Europe | Dnieper River |
| the Turks from central Asia who converted to Islam, they degeated the Byzantines at Manzikert | Seljuk |
| the emperor who ordered all icons to be removed from churches in AD 726 | Leo III |
| Alexander Nevsky became ruler of this small town and expanded the influence of Muscovy and which eventually replaced Kiev as the capital of Russia | Moscow |
| the Emperor Who Never Sleeps, he ruled the Byzantine Empire at its height | Justinian |
| located high on a bluff on the Dnieper River; in AD 880, this became the 1st capital of Russia | Kiev |
| a missionary who invented an alphabet for the Slavic languages in order to spread the Orthodox Christianity | Cyril |
| Roman emperor that built Constantinope in 330 AD in the very strategic penninsula between Europe and Asia, the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea | Constantine |
| the prince of Novgorod who degeated the invading Swedes in AD 1240 | Alexander Nevsky |
| people, such as priests and bishops, ordained for religious services | clergy |
| a penninsula in southeastern Europe bounded by the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas to the east and the Adriatic and Ionian Seas to the west and the Black Sea to the east | Balkan Penninsula |
| an arm of the Mediterranean Sea extending between Italy and the Balkan Penninsula | Adriatic Sea |
| supportive wife of Justinian and an active participant in government, she advocated that a wide had the right to own land equal to her wealth at betrothal | Theodora |
| viking leader who accepted the invitation of the Slavs to instill orfer in the area called Russia | Rurik |
| what was the Byzantine Empire known as? | the new Rome |
| included most of the Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt | Byzantine Empire |
| many different types of people and cultures | multicultural society |
| What language did people in the empire speak? | Greek |
| Revolt of taxpayers in 532 AD- Theodora encouraged Justinian to remain and assert his power | Nika Revolt |
| Who conquered Italy, North Africa, and Spain, but eventually lost the land? | Justinian |
| during what period/what: -appointed a commission to codify or classify the Roman Empire's laws -got rid of outdated laws, simplified many, and got the rest in categories? | Justinian's Rule (code of law) |
| what was the center of social life? | family |
| what kind of society did the Byzantine Civilization have? | hierarchy |
| a person could move from one group to another | hierarchy |
| temporary rulers | regents |
| what were most Byzantines? | famers, herders, laborers |
| what was the main base of economy? | trade |
| What was the natural center for trade? | Constantinople |
| study of religious questions | Theology |
| religious community for men (monks) | monasteries |
| religious community for women (nuns) | convent |
| Who were the two brothers that were sent to convert Slavic people? | Cyril and Methodius |
| What alphabet is used today by Russians, Ukrainians, Bulgarians, and Serbs? | Cyrillic alphabet |
| what was the subject of art? | religion |
| who conquered the Middle East and North Africa? | Arabs |
| who conquered Eastern Byzantine Empire? | Persian |
| who conquered the Balkans? | Slavs |
| Where were the Seljuk Turks from? | Central Asia |
| What religion were the Seljuk Turks? | Muslims |
| Who weakens the Byzantines? | Seljuk Turks |
| When were Christians persuaded by Venetians to attack Constantinople? | 4th Crusade in 1204 |
| Who controlled Constantinople and its trade for 50 years? | Venetians |
| Who invaded from Central Asia and attacked the Byzantine Empire? | Ottoman Turks |
| When did the Ottoman Turks attack and conquer Constantinople? | 1453 |
| When was the beginning of Ottoman Empire? | 1453-1917 |
| How many years did the Byzantine Empire last for? | over 1,000 years (476-1453) |
| Largest group living in Eastern Europe | Slavs |
| Major trade routes for Eastern Slavs | Black Sea, Dnieper River, and Baltic Sea |
| city on Dnieper River trade route- mother of Eastern Slavic cities | Kiev |
| rulers of Kiev | Grand Princes |
| territory ruled by a prince | principalities |
| What were the Grand princes duties? | administer justice and defend frontiers |
| represented all free adult male citizens | assembly |
| who sent observers to learn about monotheistic religion? | Vladimir |
| mass baptism to Eastern Orthodoxy | 989 ACE |
| What was part of the importance of Byzantine Architecture? | onion shaped domes |
| Who's reign was height of Kievan culture? | Yaroslav |
| mongol invaders captured and destroyed Kiev | 1240 |
| Who conquered most of Russia, except for Novgorod and ruled for 2 centuries? | Mongols |
| Expanded lands through conquest and marriage | Moscow |
| most powergul Eastern Slavic in: | 1350 |
| Rule of Ivan III | 1480 |
| known as Ivan the Great | Ivan III |
| What was the Russian Empire also known as? | the third Rome |
| Moscow became center of Eastern Orthodox church in: | 1453 |
| Ivan III married niece of last Byzantine Emperor in: | 1472 |
| In Moscow, the churches used _____ in worship and writing | Russian |
| A great example of Russian architecture is: | the Kremlin fortress in Moscow |
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