Nutrition Exam #3: Dietary Fiber, Probiotics, and Prebiotics
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Created by:
PharmacyProblems on April 17, 2012
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fiber | What is an edible, non-digestible carb naturally existing in plant foods that resits enzymatic digestion in the GI tract? |
| Soluble | Pectins (fruits and veggies) and Gums (oatmeal and beans) are what type of fiber? |
| 1. Decrease rate of glucose absorption (controlling diabetes) 2. Binds unconjugated bile salts (lowers risk of colon cancer) 3. Slows gastric emptying rate | A benefit of soluble fiber is that it binds to cholesterol and decreases LDL. How else does it lower LDL? |
| 1. Cellulose (veggies, whole wheat, beans) 2. Hemicellulose (brains and whole wheat) 3. Lignan (usually NOT eaten except in seeds) | What are 3 types of insoluble fiber? |
| Insoluble Fiber | Decreasing transit time in intestines, increasing fecal bulk, and preventing constipation are all benefits of what kind of fiber? |
| 1. Reduce hunger 2. Increase satiety 3. Reduce food intake | What are 3 ways to control weight? |
| Men- 38g/day Women- 25g/day | What are the recommended daily intakes of fiber for men and women? |
| 1. Flatulence 2. Decreased absorption of nutrients and drugs | If patients take in excess fiber what are some complications? |
| False (more fiber means need more water) | True or False: The more fiber taken in the less water needed. |
| Gut microflora | What is the name of the bacteria that inhabit the healthy intestine? |
| Probiotics | What are non-pathogenic, live organisms that beneficially affect the host by improving intestinal microbial balance? |
| False (alter in a positive way) | True or False: Probiotics alter microflora in a negative way/ |
| 1. Lacto acidophilus 2. Lacto bugaricus 3. Bifido bifidum | What are the 3 most common probiotic organisms? |
| Probiotics | Yogurt, kefir, certain cereals, and some granola bars are food sources of what? |
| 1. Diarrhea 2. Lactose Intolerance | Probiotics have been established to successfully treat what 2 things? |
| Bacteria feed on sugars and produce lactic acid | Most probiotics contain bacteria that produce lactic acid. What is the MOA of this fact? |
| False (not good for harmful bacteria) | True or False: An acidic environment is beneficial for harmful bacteria. |
| False | True or False: Probiotics are FDA regulated. |
| Probiotics | What can cause a risk of sepsis? |
| No- high risk of infectious complications | Are probiotics recommended in acute pancreatitis? Why or why not? |
| Prebiotic | What is a non-digestible food ingredient (usually a carb) that is used to stimulate growth of bacteria already present? |
| selectively stimulates growth of beneficial bacteria in colon | What is the MOA of prebiotics? |
| False (no specific health claims) | True or False: It is possible to make specific health claims on prebiotics because they have been proven so beneficial. |
| Prebiotics | What are commonly found in onions, bananas, garlic, barley, and asparagus? |
| FOSs | What are indigestible sugars naturally occuring some foods and remain intact through small intestine because they can't be digested by enzymes? |
| FOSs | What are fermented in the colon to SCFAs? |
| 1. Promote absorption of water and sodium- causing diarrhea 2. Create acidic environment- inhibits growth of harmful bacteria (c. diff) | What are the 2 functions of SCFAs? |
| Prebiotics | Kashi, Cliff/Luna Bars, Zone Perfect Shakes, and Skinny Cow products all are proven to contain what? |
| 1. Decrease diarrhea 2. Decrease infection 3. Decrease inflammation 4. Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, diarrhea, and GI disorders | What are 4 potential benefits of prebiotics? |
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