| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Anatomy | Science of body structures and their relationships |
| Physiology | Science of body functions |
| Chemical Level | Structural level including atoms & molecules |
| Cellular Level | Contains cells, the basic structural and functional units of an organism |
| Tissue Level | Groups of cells |
| Organ Level | Composed of different tissues |
| Organ System | Consists of related organs |
| Organismal | An organism, living individual |
| Integumentary | Hair, Skin, Nails, Sweat Glands, Oil Glands; protects body, regulates temperature |
| Skeletal | Bones, Joints, Cartilages; Muscle attachments, aids body movements, stores cells |
| Muscular (System) | Muscles; Body movement, posture, heat generation |
| Nervous | Generation of action potential; regulate body activities, detect change and adjust |
| Inspection | Observation of body for changes that deviate from the normal |
| Palpation | Using hands to feel body surfaces |
| Auscultation | Listening to body sounds to evaluate functions |
| Percussion | Tapping on body surface for resulting echo |
| Metabolism | Sum of all chemical processes in the body |
| Catabolism | Break down of complex chemical substances |
| Anabolism | Building up of chemical substances |
| Responsiveness | Body's ability to detect and respond |
| Movement | Motion of the whole body |
| Growth | Increase in body size from an increase in the size and/or number of cells |
| Differentiation | Development of cell from unspecialized to specialized state |
| Stem Cell | Precursor cells can divide and give rise to cells which undergo differentiation |
| Reproduction | Formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement |
| Endocrine | Hormone producing glands and cells in other organs |
| Lymphatic | Spleen, Thymus, Lymph nodes, and tonsils |
| Cardiovascular | Blood, heart, blood vessels |
| Respiratory | Lungs, Pharynx (throat), larynx, trachea, and bronchial tubes |
| Digestive | Organs of gastrointestinal tract |
| Reproductive | Gonads and associated organs |
| Urinary | Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra |
| Homeostasis | Condition of equilibrium in internal environment |
| ICF | Inter Cellular Fluid |
| ECF | Extra Cellular Fluid |
| Intersittial fluid | Fluid found between cells |
| Blood Plasma | ECF within blood cells |
| Cerebrospinal fluid | ECF found around brain & spinal cord |
| Lymph fluid | ECF within lymph vessels |
| Synovial fluid | ECF within joints |
| Aqueous Humor | Vitreous body within eye |
| Feedback System | Cycle of events in which body's status is monitored, changed, and reevaluated |
| Receptor | Body structure that monitors changes; sends input to control center |
| Effector | Body structure that receives output from control center |
| Negative Feedback System | Reverses a change in controlled condition |
| Baroreceptors | Pressure sensing receptors |
| Positive Feedback System | Strengthen or reinforce a change in controlled condition |
| Disorder | Abnormality of structure of function |
| Disease | Characterized by a set of signs & symptoms |
| Local Disease | Affects one part of a limited region |
| Systemic Disease | Affects entire body or several parts |
| Symptoms | Subjective changes in body function that are not apparent to observer |
| Signs | Observable and measurable objective changes |
| Epidemiology | Deals with occurrence and transmission of disease |
| Pharmacology | Effects and uses of drugs in disease treatment |
| Diagnosis | Distinguishing one disorder or disease from another |
| Physical Exam | Orderly evaluation of body functions |
| Prone | Body lying face down |
| Supine | Lying face up |
| Superior | Toward head, upper part |
| Inferior | Away from head, lower part |
| Anterior | At front |
| Posterior | At back |
| Medial | Near to middle |
| Lateral | Farther from midline |
| Intermedial | Between 2 structures |
| Ipsilateral | On same side of body as other structure |
| Contralateral | On opposite side of body as other structure |
| Proximal | Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk |
| Distal | Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk |
| Superficial | Toward or on the body surface |
| Deep | Into or beneath body surface |
| Saggital | Vertical plane which divides the body into left/right sides |
| Mid. Saggital | Plane which divides left/right equally |
| Para Saggital | Plane which divides left/right unequally |
| Frontal (Coronal) | Plane dividing organ into anterior and posterior portions |
| Transverse | Plane which divides body into superior and inferior portions; Also cross-sectional or horizontal |
| Oblique | Passes through body at an angle |
| Section | One flat surface of a 3D structure |
| Body Cavities | Spaces in body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs |
| Cranial | Cavity formed by cranial bones, contains brain |
| Vertebral | Cavity containing spinal cord |
| Meninges | Layers of protective tissue that line the cranial and vertebral cavity |
| Thoracic | Chest cavity, formed by ribs, sternum and vertebral column |
| Pericardial | Fluid filled space surrounding heart |
| Pleural | Surrounds lungs |
| Mediastinal | Contains all thoracic organs, except lungs |
| Diaphragm | Dome shaped muscle separating thoracic cavity from abdominopelvic cavity |
| Abdominopelvic | Cavity extending from diaphragm to groin |
| Viscera | Organs inside thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| Serous Membrane | Covers viscera and lines thorax and abdomen walls |
| Parietal Membrane | Lines cavity walls |
| Visceral Membrane | Covers and adheres to viscera |
| Pleura | Serous membrane of pleural cavities |
| Pericardium | Serous membrane of pericardial cavities |
| Peritoneum | Serous membrane of abdominopelvic cavities |
Combine with other sets
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