History of China - Ms. Sparrow's Class
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Created by:
susansparrow on April 19, 2012
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Shang | 1st dynasty; known for creating writing system |
| Zhou | 2nd dynasty; begun the Mandate of heaven |
| Qin | 3rd dynasty; 1st to unite China, Great Wall, terra-cotta army, banned talk of past |
| Han | 4th dynasty; built the Silk Road, civil service exams for govt |
| Sui | 5th dynasty; brutal Legalist rulers that reunited China |
| Tang | 6th dynasty; Golden Age, first female empress |
| Song | 7th dynasty; Golden Age; rice, wine, Chinese roof, foot-binding |
| Yuan | 8th dynasty; ruled by the Mongols/ Genghis Khan's grandson Khublai Khan |
| Ming | 9th dynasty; built Forbidden City, finished Great Wall; pottery |
| Qing | Last dynasty; suffered foreign domination & opium war; fell in 1911 |
| Republic of China | The name of China from 1911-1949 during the Civil War between GMD & CCP |
| Mao Zedong | Communist leader of China from 1949-1976 |
| Qin Shi Huangdi | 1st emperor; China is named after him; brutal; burned books; drank mercury |
| Mandate of heaven | Belief that China's emperors given heaven's permission to rule |
| Opium War | War between China & Britain over Opium; destroyed China |
| Treaty of Nanjing | Ended Opium War; British get extraterritoriality, 5 ports, Hong Kong |
| Extraterritoriality | Right to be tried by British courts for crimes outside UK; immune to China's laws |
| Spheres of influence | Places in China that western powers claimed to dominate |
| Boxer Rebellion | Rebellion against foreign influence and Christians in China; immune to bullets?? |
| Taiping Rebellion | Christian-led Rebellion against corrupt Qing dynasty; 20 million killed |
| Empress Ci Xi | Corrupt last empress of Qing dynasty; ended 100 days of reform |
| Legalism | Han founded this school, believes people only respond to punishments/rewards |
| Confucius (sour) | Belief that past is out of step with present; need to get back through 5 relationships |
| Buddhism (bitter) | Belief that desires cause suffering; the afterlife is most important |
| Taoism (smiling) | Life is as it should be; do not interfere with the way nature is |
| 5 Relationships | Ruler>ruled, father>son, husband>wife, old bro>lil bro, frnd=frnd |
| Lao-Tse | Thought to be founder of Taoism; believed in nature's way |
| Chiang Kai-Shek | Leader of nationalist party, fought bitterly against Mao |
| Nationalist Party | Party that fought against Mao from 1911-1949; exiled to Taiwan |
| The Long March | Red Army marched 6,000 miles S. to North to escape Nationalists |
| CCP | Chinese Communist Party- Mao rose to be leader in Long March |
| Land Reform Law/Marriage Law | Two laws Mao passed early on that gave all the land to the peasants and liberated women from oppressive marriages |
| 100 Flowers Campaign | Mao asks for feedback on how the revolution was going - those who spoke out were imprisoned/killed |
| Great Leap Forward | Huge push to industrialize China quickly; 20 million died; farmers sent to factories but many couldn't read-not enough farmers left to collect food even w/communes |
| Land reform | Taking land from the rich and distributing it evenly to poor |
| communes | Huge farms that the remaining farmers worked--failed miserably |
| propaganda | Information designed to support or hurt a cause; Little Red Book |
| Red guard | Young enforcers of the cultural revolution; most of the pedaling |
| 5 Black categories | The very worst of the cultural revolution's criminals |
| Cultural Revolution | To distract from GLF failure, Mao sought to destroy the 4 Olds |
| capitalist | Someone who owns factory or business; enemy of communism |
| communism | Everything shared equally by everyone; no one gets more or less |
| xenophile | Someone who loves foreign things; See Red Scarf Girl book |
| proletariat | Someone from the working class; Mao supporters |
| bourgeoisie | Someone from the middle or upper class; Mao hated them |
| Four Olds | The old ideas/habits from the past that neeed to be destroyed! |
| People's Republic of China | 1949 -Mao named it the People' Republic of China, creating the largest communist nation in the world in 1949-still PRC today |
| Deng Xiaoping | Took over after Mao died in 1976; opened China's economy up but not its politics |
| Open Door Policy | America's insistence that China open itself up to trade with all countries |
| Gang of Four | The Four people who were Mao's closest advisors. When Mao died, they were the ones convicted of the crimes of the Cultural Revolution, and sent to jail for life, including his 3rd wife. |
| Tiananmen Square 1989 | Mass student protest in 1989 - was seen as a huge demonstration that China still had a very oppressive government. |
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