Cuba
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juliamarianne on April 20, 2012
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Jul 26 53 | Attack on the Moncada Barracks |
| Moncada Barracks | site of the armed attack by a small group of rebels on July 26 1953, starting the Cuban revolution. |
| History will absolve me | is the concluding sentence and subsequent title of a four-hour speech made by Fidel Castro on 16 October 1953. Castro made the speech in his own defense in court against the charges brought against him after leading an attack on the Moncada Barracks. He reconstructed the speech later for the July 26th Movement's manifesto |
| Herbert Matthews | a reporter and editorialist for the New York Times who grew to notoriety after revealing that Fidel Castro was still alive and living in the Sierra Maestra mountains, though Batista had claimed publicly that he was killed during the 26th of July Movement's landing |
| Autentico Party | a political party in Cuba most active between 1933 to 1952. Lost to Batista in 52 |
| Ortodoxo Party | Fidel Castro was an active member. Founded in 1947 in response to perceived government corruption and lack of reform. Its primary aims were the establishment of a distinct national identity, economic independence and the implementation of social reforms. |
| Socialist party (PSP) | Partido Socialista Popular; the governing party of Cuba; It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the Party to be the "leading force of society and of the state" |
| Jose Marti | a Cuban national hero; part of the Cuban Freemasons; Used his writings to push for Cuban independence from Spain and to prevent US expansionism |
| Fidel Castro | Leader of the July 26th Movement; leader of Cuba 1959-2011 |
| Raul Castro | Brother to Fidel; took over leadership in 2011; played a major role in the cuban revolution |
| Operation Mongoose | a program of Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) covert operations developed under JFK. Secret program used propaganda, psychological warfare, and sabotage against Cuba to remove the communists from power. Failed. |
| Oct 62 | Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Khrushchev | Soviet Premier 1953-1964 |
| Kremlin | Fortified building for the central government of the USSR in Moscow |
| Brezhnev | Soviet Premier 1964-1982 |
| Kennedy | President of the US 1960-1963 |
| Rice circuses and condoms | Imports to Cuba from China |
| Prague Spring | a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during the era of its domination by the Soviet Union. 1968 |
| Sierra Maestra | Mountain range in Cuba where Castro and his movement hid out and gained power before attacking |
| Los Barbudos | the bearded ones |
| Granma | The yacht that brought 82 Cuban revolutionaries from Mexico in 1956 in hopes to overthrow Batista's regime |
| Jan 59 | Fidel gains power |
| INRA | (Instituto Nacional de Reforma Agraria) formed to institute agrarian reform laws. Che Guevara was the first leader |
| Agrarian Reform Law | sought to break up large landholdings and redistribute land to those peasants who worked it, to cooperatives, and the state. series of laws passed between 1959 and 1963. Che oversaw the INRA and these policies |
| Apr 61 | Bay of Pigs Invasion |
| Ten Million Tons | campaign to make sugar. Cuba had agreed to provide a regular supply of raw sugar to the Russians- 5 million tons in both 1968 and 1969. The harvests of 1968 and 1969 only produced 3.7 million tons. For f1970, a 10 million ton harvest was to be the country's aim. If such a target could be attained, Castro argued that Cuba's economic problems would be at an end. Everyone was mobilized to secure the target. The end goal was 8.5 million tons, this was a great figure, but with all of the propaganda buildup came to a severe disappointment. |
| COMECON | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (1949-1991) Economic group led by the Soviets comprised of the Eastern bloc and other satellite states. |
| PCC | (Partido Communista de Cuba) the only legal political party in Cuba, founded in 1965 |
| Sandinistas | a socialist political party in Nicaragua. US tried to overthrow but unsuccessful |
| Mariel Boat Lift | a mass emigration of Cubans who departed from Cuba's Mariel Harbor for the United States between April 15 and October 31, 1980. After economic tensions, Castro opened the gates and allowed people to leave. A number of the exiles had been released from Cuban jails and mental health facilities - a negative for the US. Ended with a mutual agreement between the 2 governments |
| Che Guevara | an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, intellectual, guerrilla leader, diplomat and military theorist. Worked in the new government by reviewing the appeals and firing squads for those convicted as war criminals during the revolutionary tribunals, instituting agrarian land reform as minister of industries, helping spearhead a successful nationwide literacy campaign, serving as both national bank president and instructional director for Cuba's armed forces, and traversing the globe as a diplomat on behalf of Cuban socialism. |
| Literacy Campaign | a year-long effort in 1961 to abolish illiteracy in Cuba after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution..Literacy brigades were sent out into the countryside to construct schools, train new educators, and teach the predominately illiterate peasants to read and write. The campaign was a success as the literacy rate rose to 95% |
| NAM | Non-Alignment Movement. Castro attended the 4th conference, however due to his friendship with the USSR and being a part of the Warsaw pact, he was criticized for coming. |
| Jose Echeverria | Student leader who was apart of the Anticommunist Revolutionary Directorate who led an assassination attempt to eliminate Batista by storming the presidential palace. He did not survive. |
| Angola | Country which Cuba invaded in order to support the leftist liberation movement, while stopping the US backed invasion by South Africa. |
| CTC | Workers Central Union of Cuba. Trade union center in Cuba |
| Rectification | Revolutionary idealism with its emphasis on community rather than private gain was emphasized once again. Imports were cut and wages were reduced except in the case of the poorest workers whose wages were actually increased. Corruption among high-level government officials and military personnel was publically exposed. Cuban internationalism had begun to contract. Castro moved further to liberalize the Cuban economy by relaxing the regulations on foreign investment by allowing foreigners to have up to 49% ownership in local businesses. |
| Bolivia | Where Che was killed by CIA operation |
| OAS | Organization of American States. International organization that has 35 states in the american continent. In 1962 it suspended Cuba |
| Bay of Pigs | unsuccessful action by a CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southern Cuba in April 1961 |
| US-Cuban Adjustment Act | US Law enacted on November 2, 1966. States that any native or citizen of Cuba who has been inspected and admitted or paroled into the United States and lived there for one year can become a permanent resident |
| Brezhnev Years | A time under Brezhnev of major economic decline for the soviet union. Brezhnev was criticized for ignoring serious economic problems and following a neo-stalinist method of rule. |
| US embargo | When the US refused to recognize, or trade with Cuba |
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