Unit 1 - Colonial America
Order by
37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Virginia Company | Joint-stock company that bought the rights to establish plantations in current Virginia. It began the Jamestown settlement (1606) |
| Captain John Smith | Saved Jamestown by taking control (he who will not work shall not eat) |
| Starving time | 1609-1610: Jamestown settlers starved because they had not planted crops. |
| Powhatan Confederacy | Group of tribes near Jamestown - taught the English agricultural practices |
| Pocahontas | A Powhattan, who married John Rolfe. This helped to create an alliance between the settlers and the natives. |
| John Rolfe | Englishman who married Pocahontas and introduced tobacco as a cash crop |
| Indentured Servants | Received free passage to the New world in exchange for 7 years of labor. Many of these men died, but those who survived were often granted land. |
| House of Burgesses | Established in 1619 Virginia - any property-holding, white male could vote. Decisions made by House of Burgesses had to be approved by the Virginia Company. |
| Separatists | (Pilgrims) Puritan group that abandoned the Anglican Church and came to America after living in Holland. Signed Mayflower Compact and established selves in Plymouth. |
| Mayflower Compact | Pilgrims agreement that established a legal authority and legal system. |
| Squanto | A native in Massachusetts, who helped the Pilgrims with plantings and communication with other natives. |
| Congregationalists | Non-separatist Puritans, who formed a colony in Massachusetts Bay. |
| John Winthrop | Governor of Congregationalists - "City upon a Hill" - wanted Massachusetts Bay to develop along Puritan ideals. |
| Roger Williams | Believed that Church and State should be separate. Banished by Puritans, then founded Rhode Island for exercise of free religion |
| Anne Hutchinson | Believed in Antinomianism (faith and God's grace make one among the "elect"). Accused many leaders of not being "elect". Convicted for heresy |
| Pequot War | Massachusetts Bay colonists expanded to the Connecticut Valley, clashing with Pequots. After 9 colonists were killed, they burned the Pequot villiage, killing 400 |
| Lord Baltimore | Received Maryland as a gift from the king - made it a Catholic colony, though had to tolerate others |
| William Penn | Granted land from Charles II, which became Pennsylvania, a Quaker colony (though generally tolerant) |
| Salutary Neglect | Trade and manufacturing laws were mainly ignored by both the English and the colonies. The colonies became quite independent |
| Navigation Acts | Required colonists to buy only from England, to sell some materials only to England, to pay a duty on non-English goods, and not to produce manufactured goods |
| Bacon's Rebellion | Sir William Berkeley, Royal Governor of Virginia, was autocratic and restricted voting/representation. He made an agreement with natives to prohibit white settlement west of a line, but Bacon, a representative on the governor's council, led a strike against natives who had killed settlers. He burned Jamestown, but died before he could take control. |
| King Philip's War | The Pokanokets, struck against the surrounding settlers. They formed an alliance with other tribes and destroyed some English settlements. When Metacomet, the leader, died, the alliance fell apart and the settlers devastated the tribes. |
| Stono Uprising (Cato Rebellion) | Slave rebellion in 1739, which succeeded at first, then failed |
| Great Awakening | Religious revival - new Protestant Churches Established |
| Headright System | The Virginia Company's system in which settlers and the family members who came with them each received 50 acres of land |
| Oglethorpe | Est. G.A. colony as a refuge for debtors, criminals, etc. from England |
| William Bradford | governor of Plymouth; distributed land to settlers |
| Toleration Act | Act that allowed freedom of worship for all Christians in Maryland, kept peace between Catholics and Protestants. |
| Fundamental Orders | The constitution of the Connecticut River colony drawn up in 1639, it established a government controlled in democratic style by the "substantial" citizens. |
| Thomas Hooker | Clergyman, one of the founders of Hartford. Called "the father of American democracy" because he said that people have a right to choose their magistrates. |
| Patroonship | A vast Dutch feudal estates fronting the Hudson River in early 1600s. They were granted to promoters who agreed to settle 50 people on them. |
| John Cotton | Puritan leader, defended gov't's duty to enforce religious rules, believed it was God's will for Europe to take the New World |
| Inner Light | a divine presence believed by Quakers to enlighten and guide the soul |
| Sir Edmund Andros | Governor of the Dominion of New England from 1686 until 1692, when the colonists rebelled and forced him to return to England |
| Dominion of New England | 1686-The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Andros). Ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros |
| Jacob Leisler | led rebellion against Dominion of New England in New York |
| Visible Saints | Puritans who were able to give evidence of grace, able to join church in a full membership |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.