Chapter 10 Geo Cards
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 gross national product (GNP) | the total value of all goods and services produced by a country's economy in a year includes more than gross domestic product (GDP) The USA's GNP is 14.64 trillion. 1 |
| gross domestic product (GDP) | the total value of all goods and services produced within a country during a given year Includes less than gross national product (GNP) The USA's GDP is 14.59 trillion. 2 |
| gross national income (GNI) | calculates the monetary worth of what is produced within a country plus income recieved from investments outside the country very similar to gross national product (GNP) The USA's GNI is 14.64 trillion. 3 |
| per capita GNI | the gross national product of a given country divided by its population countries with higher population will have a lower per capita GNI The USA.s per capita GNI is 47,390 4 |
| formal economy | the legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a government is included in a government's Gross National Product Legal economy. Government promoted goods. 5 |
| informal economy | economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government is not included in that government's Gross National Product black market 6 |
| neo-colonialism | The entrenchment of the colonial order, such as trade and investment, under a new guise. replaced regular colonialism, established world order. Françafrique 7 |
| structuralist theory | a general term for a model of economic development that treats economic disparities among countries or regions as the result of historically derived power relations within the global economic system is slightly biased toward more stable governments traditional powers at top such as USA 8 |
| dollarization | when a poorer country ties the value of its currency to that of a wealthier country, or when it abandons its currency and adopts the wealthier country's currency as its own Helps a countries economic indicators European Union using the Euro 9 |
| three-tier structure | with reference to Immanuel Wallerstein's world-systems theory, the division of the world into the core, the periphery, and the semi-periphery. helps explain the interconnections between places in the global economy C: USA SP: Mexico P: Cuba 10 |
| structural adjustment loans | loans granted by international financial institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund to countries in the periphery and the semi periphery in exchange for certain economic and governmental reforms in that country does not necesarily work bailout of Greece. 11 |
| vectored diseases | a disease carried from one host to another by an intermediate host a "chain" of disease Spread of plagues during medieval times 12 |
| export processing zones | zones established by many countries in the periphery and semi-periphery where they offer favorable tax, regulatory, and trade arrangements to attract foreign trade and investment is a form of forced economic development Guang Dong 13 |
| maquiladoras | The term given to zones in northern Mexico with factories supplying manufactured goods to the U.S. market. The low-wage workers in the primarily foreign-owned factories assemble imported components and/or raw materials and then export finished goods. A form of cheap labor for the USA Bracero Program 14 |
| special economic zones | specific area within a country in which tax incentives and less stringent environmental regulations are implemented to attract foreign business and investment another form of forced economic development Guang Dong 15 |
| North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | agreement entered into by Canada, Mexico, and the United States in December, 1992 and which took effect on January 1, 1994, to eliminate the barriers to trade in, and fascilitate the cross-border movement of goods and services between the countries started to eliminate the three tired structure of North America No example needed 16 |
| island of development | place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and infrastructure another form of forced economic development cruise ship island |
| commodity chain | A commodity chain is a process used by firms to gather resources, transform them into goods or commodities and, finally, distribute them to consumers. It is a series of links connecting the many places of production and distribution and resulting in a commodity that is then exchanged on the world market. In short, it is the connected path from which a good travels from producers to consumers. Commodity chains can be unique depending on the product types or the types of markets. Different stages of a commodity chain can also involve different economic sectors or be handled by the same business. |
| dependency theory | Dependency theory or dependencia theory is a body of social science theories predicated on the notion that resources flow from a "periphery" of poor and underdeveloped states to a "core" of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the "world system." |
| microcredit program | Program that provides small loans to poor people, especially women, to encourage development of small businesses. |
| Rostow modernization model | Traditional Society - Preconditions for Takeoff - Takeoff - Drive to Maturity - Age of Mass Consumption |
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