DNA discovery: Historical Background
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Created by:
rebeccadupre1 on April 22, 2012
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What year was Griffith? | 1928 |
| What year was Avery, McCarthy, and MacLeod? | 1944 |
| What year was Hershey-Chase? | 1952 |
| What did Griffith do? | Used bacteria to prove there is a "transforming factor" |
| What is "transforming factor"? | the term Griffith coined |
| What did Avery, McCarthy, and MacLeod do? | Used bacteria to prove that DNA was the "transforming factor" |
| What did Hershey-Chase do? | Used a virus to disprove DNA was "transforming factor." |
| What actually happened to Hershey-Chase's experiment? | they proved themselves wrong, they proved that DNA was the "transforming factor." |
| What did Griffith do in his experiment? | he used different types of bacteria, like streptococcus, and injected smooth cells into some rats and rough cells into other rats. |
| What happened in Griffith's experiment? | The s cells were pathogenic, harmful, and the s cells were harmless. When he injected heat-killed s cells into some rats, it was harmless. |
| What happened when Griffith mixed together heat-killed s cells and living r cells? | although they are two harmless types, the combination ended up to be harmful. he found living s cells present. |
| What did Griffith conclude from his experiment? | There had to be a transforming factor to cause this change. |
| What did Avery, McCarthy, and McLeod propose? | That living R cells transformed heat-killed cells into s cells |
| What did Hershey-chase do? | injected viral bacteria into cell |
| Why did Hershey-chase include both radioactive sulfur and radioactive phosphorus in their experiment? | Proteins contain almost no phosphorus and DNA contains no sulfur. The radioactive substances could be used as markers. If they only include on, then they would only know that it was that one, not that it was the other one. |
| Where were sulfur and phosphorus present in the cell? | Sulfur was present in protein and in liquid and phosphorus was present in DNA and in cell. |
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